THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
1043 
Mouth plates are broad and - convex, the combined width of 2 plates equaling the interradial 
dimension. Marginal spinelets 7, increasing in length toward inner angle, the innermost being long, 
tapering, and blunt, the next not quite so long. The 4 spines of companion plates form prominent 
teeth. The most abo rally situated spinelet of furrow series (i. e., the seventh) is about one-third the 
length of the third spinelet from inner angle, the third spinelet two-thirds length of median teeth. 
Actinal surface bears 10 or 11 small, scattered spinelets, of which about 3 on each plate are enlarged 
into spinules. 
Actinal interradial areas are very small, with 6 plates, the 2 innermost (opposite mouth plates) 
much the largest, tumid, and surmounted by 1 or 2 central spinules and 6 or 8 tiny thornlets, like 
those of inferomarginals. The other plates bear a few thornlets. 
Anal aperture nearly central, very small. 
Madreporic body small, circular, with coarse striations; situated about its own diameter distant 
from marginal plates. 
Color in life: Abactinal surface vermilion, the tip of arm, and a broad V-shaped transverse band 
about midway along ray whitish. Actinal surface white. Color in alcohol, ashy white. 
Locality: Type (no. 21156, U. S. National Museum) from station 4079, north coast of Maui Island, 
143-178 fathoms, gray sand and foraminifera; bottom temperature 60.8°. 
This species shows no signs of pectinate pedicellarise. It is quite different from any described 
species; the numerous spines on the abactinal surface and bristling armature of both series of marginal 
plates at once distinguish it. Pontasler hispidus Wood-Mason and Alcock, and Pontaster pilosus Alcock 
from the Indian Ocean evidently have pectinate pedicellarise. The only Pacific forms of “ Pontaster ” 
(s. s.) are subtuberculatus from east of Australia and planeta from west of South America, near Straits 
of Magellan. Both of these forms are widely different from horridus. On account of its bristling 
armature and the absence of a specialized papularium, horridus resembles the young of Acanthar chaster 
Verrill, which lack pectinate pedicellarise. In the present form, however, the papulae seem to be 
lacking from disk except adjacent to base of rays. 
Cheiraster inops, new species. 
PI. X, fig. 4; pi. XVII, fig. 2. 
Rays 5. R=50 mm.; r=7.25 mm. R=6.9r. Breadth of ray at base (between first and second 
superomarginal plates) 8.5 mm. 
Rays long, slender, tapering gradually from a narrow base to an elongated pointed extremity. 
Disk small. Interbrachial arcs angular, but rounded. Lateral walls vertical. Marginal plates form 
a rather narrow, slightly raised border to abactinal area, which is subplane. No pedicellarise. 
Abactinal paxillse smaller than in preceding species; well spaced; abactinal integument rather 
flexible. The paxillse, which conspicuously decrease in size toward tip of ray, consist on disk of 9 or 
10 very short papilliform spinelets, in a circle, surrounding a central group of from 1 to 4 spinelets. 
Along median radial area of arm and center of disk numerous scattered paxillse bear a single, central, 
short, sharp, tapering spinule. On rays there are usually 5 or 6 very short spinelets surrounding a 
single central one to each plate. In each interbrachial arc, about midway between center of disk and 
margin, is 1 paxilla much larger than any other, bearing a coordinated group of about 25 spinelets. 
Scattered among the larger paxillse of disk are numerous very small ones. Papulae are large, confined 
to an elliptical area at base of rays (papularium), there being 4 longitudinal rows, the 2 median 
nearly twice as long as the lateral, and their papulae also larger. Papularium is more prominent in a 
mutilated specimen than in type, there being 5 to 8 papulse in the lateral series and 8 or 9 more widely 
spaced in the median. 
Marginal plates of lower series alternate with those of upper, as in foregoing species, the first 
inferomarginal being opposite first and second superomarginals, the sutural line between the 2 series 
following a regular angular zigzag course throughout ray. Superomarginal plates, 30 in number from 
median interradial line to extremity of ray, are higher than broad, except on outer half of ray, where 
the 2 dimensions are about equal. The plates are tumid and form a rounded, slightly elevated border 
to paxillar area, the sutures between the plates being set obliquely, as is usually the case in this genus. 
First superomarginal is conspicuously smaller than the succeeding. Each plate bears a short 
(1.75 to 2 mm.) , tapering, pointed spinule, rather nearer the outer than inner margin of plate. These 
spinules are borne on the angle where lateral and dorsal superficies meet, and are usually bent upward. 
