THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
1057 
about the periphery of the plate. On outer part of ray these granules are fewer in number and are 
confined to the rounded edge of the ray. Margin of each plate is bordered by a series of small 
bead-like granules, smaller than those of the dorsal plates. 
Inferomarginal plates correspond in number to superomarginals, and have about the same general 
dimensions, except that first and second inferomarginals are the largest of series. Ornamentation is 
the same as that of superior series, but the peripheral granules are larger. At inner edge of 3 or 4 
plates near base of ray (about fourth to seventh inclusive) is a 2-jawed spatulate pedicellaria, like 
those of the actinal intermediate plates (q. v.). 
Adambulacral plates are wider than long, with a faintly convex margin to furrow. Armature 
as follows: (1) A furrow series of 5 rather stout, untapered, somewhat compressed, roundly truncate 
spines which are about as long as the furrow margin of plate. These spines are not so obviously 
compressed on outer portion of ray and are there somewhat tapering. The 2 'median spines are 
slightly the longer, or 4 are subequal and nearly parallel. The adoral spine is nearly always conspicu- 
ously shorter than the others, rarely tapering, and set at an angle with the rest of the series. (2) On 
the actinal surface, spaced a little from the furrow series, a longitudinal row of 2 short, blunt, erect, 
cylindrical or swollen spines, more robust, and slightly shorter than the furrow spines. This series 
decreases to a single spine, on the outer third of ray. Occasionally 3 spines are present in the series. 
On the outer portion of the plate are 7 to 11 stout, irregular or thimble-shaped granules, often angular 
in drying, irregularly placed or simulating 2 longitudinal series. Rarely a plate bears a large 2-jawed 
spatulate pedicellaria like those of actinal intermediate plates. One or 2 small, robust spinelets 
usually stand on the adoral margin near the furrow, forming a sort of continuation of the furrow 
series. The short adoral furrow spine appears to be one of these moved to the furrow margin. On 
the aboral edge there is sometimes a similar spine near the furrow. 
Mouth plates are rather large but not especially prominent. Each plate forms a wide isosceles 
triangle, the base toward median suture. Free margin extensive. Actinostome very small. Arma- 
ture as follows: (1) A furrow series of 7 stout, flat, truncate, or roundly tipped spines, increasing in 
length toward the inner angle. Some of the spines show a tendency to become prismatic. The plane 
of flattening is transverse to furrow. The inner spines are conspicuously enlarged and vary somewhat 
in shape. They are compressed to a thin blade with a truncate tip, which is broader than the base, 
so that the spine resembles a long hatchet-blade. At one mouth angle, however, the 2 teeth are not 
conspicuously widened. (2) On actinal surface, a superficial row of tubercles and spines present 
along the margin of median suture. The inner 2 are heavy, subprismatic, blunt. Rest of series 
(4 to 5) are blunt, irregular, subprismatic tubercles, or large granules, similar to those of adamb'ulacrals. 
One inner spine and 2 or 3 tubercles form a similar series along the margin adjacent to first adambu- 
lacral. All are rather widely spaced. 
Actinal interradial areas are large, and extend to fourth inferomarginal (in 1 ray to sixth). 
Small, isolated, intermediate plates extend on 1 ray as far as seventh inferomarginal. Intermediate 
plates are large, irregularly 4- to 5-sided (rarely hexagonal). The series adjacent to adambulacral is 
largest; all decrease in size toward margin. Each plate is surrounded by a series of unequal, bead- 
like granules, and on the general surface there are 1 to 5 larger, thimble-shaped granules, scattered 
irregularly and widely spaced. Many of the plates adjacent to the adambulacrals, as well as 1 to 3 
others in the interbrachial region, bear a single, large, 2-jawed, spatulate, tongs-like pedicellaria. 
Each jaw has a distal expanded portion with a curved, serrate edge, and a narrower pedicel which 
again expands at the base to be inserted into a special slit. The special depressions for the jaws when 
opened are shallow. Five pedicellaria} have 3 jaws each. 
Madreporic body is inconspicuous, irregularly hexagonal (shield-shaped), surrounded by 3 large 
plates. It is situated one-third distance from center of disk to extreme margin. Striations are of 
medium size, irregularly radiating. 
Anus subcentral, small, surrounded by enlarged granules. 
Tube feet with large sucking disks. Ambulacral furrow narrow and arched over by the armature 
of adamulacral plates. 
Color in life not taken; in alcohol, bleached yellowish, with a pinkish cast on superomarginals. 
Locality: Station 3857, Pailolo Channel, between Molokai and Maui islands, 127-128 fathoms, fine 
sand, yellow mud; bottom temperature 62.5°. One specimen, type no. 21165, U. S. National Museum. 
