THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
1075 
of the Pentagonaster pulchellus type. There is, however, a single series of plates between the upper 
and lower marginal series. 
On the whole our .specimen appears to belong to a different species. Asterodiscus elegans comes 
from off Samboagan, Philippine group (Challenger), and from northeast coast of China (Perrier, Rev. 
Stell. ) . 
Asterodiscus tuberculosus, new species. 
PI. XXVI, figs. 2, 2a; pi. xxvni, fig. 3; pi. xxxil, figs. 3, 4; pi. xxxiii, fig. 2;. pi. xxxiv,l, 2. 
Rays 5. R=69 mm.; r=about -40 mm. (r being variable) . R=1.7r. Breadth of ray at base, 
about 45 mm. Rays short and broad, tapering to a blunt extremity; rather unequal as to width and 
length. Disk large, somewhat inflated. Inte.rbrachial arcs widely rounded. Side of body fairly high, 
but well rounded. ^ 
Abactinal surface is covered with numerous large tubercles shaped something like a miniature 
acorn, or like a pointed egg standing on its blunt end. A fairly regular median radial line of them is 
present with an adradial series, but beyond these the tubercles are too irregular to form definite series. 
Each-tubercle stands on a slight prominence of the test, and its base is surrounded by a circle of small, 
regular, bead-like granules, very ornate in appearance. These tubercles are largest near the extremity 
of rays and in center of disk. Scattered thickly among the tubercles, forming indefinite rows on the 
arms, are large spherical granules, from one-fourth to one-half the size of the smaller tubercles, their 
bases also encircled by minute granules. In addition to these larger granules, there are many others, 
grading down to very minute ones which thickly cover the whole test. 
Marginal plates are not conspicuous, in fact can be seen only as separated ossicles. Corresponding 
to the supermarginal plates are 3 ossicles (from interradial line), omitting the large plate at the 
extremity of the ray. The innermost ossicle is near the interradial line not far from its companion of 
the adjacent ray. The second plate is about 5 mm. from the first, and the third 8 mm. from the 
second. The third is 15 to 18 mm. from the large plate at tip. Each plate is convex, circular, about 
3 mm. in -diameter, and encircled by a row of regular, subquadrate, bead -like granules. Each plate 
bears 1 or 2 large spherical granules or small tubercles on its edge. The large plate at the end of the 
ray (7 mm. in length) is very convex, oval, and is surrounded by a regular series of small, bead-like 
granules. 
Inferomarginal plates, 9 or 10 to each ray, are smaller than the superomarginals, and are separated 
from them by about 5 mm. of test, thickly covered with tubercles and granules. On the upper side of 
each ossicle is a large subconical tubercle, the series increasing in length toward tip of ray. Clustered 
about the base of each tubercle are numerous close-set granules of various shapes, which continue as a 
single row around the inferomarginal ossicle, and, at tip of ray, completely cover the exposed surface 
of distal 2 or 3 plates. The last are more tumid than the others, and are wedged in between the big 
terminal superomarginal and adambulacral plates. In addition, 2 or 3 pincer-shaped pedicellariae, 
with curved jaws, occur on the ventral side of the inferomarginal ossicles. 
Actinal area is very knobby, with many spherical tubercles, much smaller than those of dorsal 
surface and more regularly arranged. Each plate bears 1 or 2 tubercles, surrounded by large, irregu- 
lar granules, often subprismatic, 4-sided, or at least with a flattened side next to tubercle. An indefi- 
nite series of small granules often occurs outside of these, and near the furrow replaces them to some 
extent. Many actinal plates of ray have delicate pincer-shaped pedicel larite, with elongate jaws often 
curiously curved. They are smaller than those found on inferomarginals, and are present in interra- 
dial region. 
Adambulacral armature similar to that of elegans. Composed as follows; (1) A nearly straight 
furrow series of 6 (often 5) spines, subequal except the adoral, which is smaller and hidden. Spines fit 
closely together, have blunt tips, and are flattened somewhat. They are united by a thin web for about 
half their length. .(2) On first 6 to 9 plates 2 series of heavy blunt tubercular spines, the inner slightly 
longer than the furrow series. The inner series has 2 spines, the adoral the smaller. External to 
these stands the third spine, shorter than the inner, composing the outer series. On actinal surface 
of the other plates there Are but 2 spines, standing in a transverse series; while near tip of ray only 
the inner spine'persists, and is slender and pointed. Actinal spines are surrounded by a, number of 
unequal irregular granules, 1 or 2 on the outer adoral corner being larger than others. No pedicella- 
rise such as Sladen found in the Challenger specimen of elegans (Challenger Asteroidea, p. 353) are 
present on any of the adambulacral plates. 
