THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
1077 
Family LINCKIID^E Perrier, 1875, emend. 
Linckiidse Perrier, Revision de la Collection de Stellfirides du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 1875, p. 117. 
Key to Hawaiian genera of Linckiidse. 
a. Plates in regular longitudinal series, between which are regular series of papular areas. Adambu- 
lacral armature in 2 (rarely 3) unequal series, the outer heavier than the inner and more dis- 
tinctly spaced. 
b. All the plates granular Ophidiaster 
bb. Whole test covered with a thick membraneous investment devoid of granules Leiaster 
aa. Abactinal plates not forming regular longitudinal series. 
b. Abactinal plates comparatively small. No papulte on actinal surface. Papulae in areas distrib- 
uted among the abactinal plates. Adambulacral armature granuliform superficially, in 2 or 
3 series Linckia 
bb. Abactinal plates comparatively large. Papulae in areas; sometimes present on the actinal surface. 
Adambulacral armature papilliform or spiniform superficially, usually in 3 series. . .Nardoa 
Genus OPHIDIASTER Agassiz. 
Ophidiaster Agassiz, Prod. Monogr. d. Radiares. <M6m. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchdtel, 1. 1 , 1835, p. 191. Type, Asterias ophidiana 
Lamarck. 
Key to Hawaiian species of Ophidiaster. 
a. Papular areas in 8 longitudinal series. Papulae on actinal surface. One or 3 series of actinal inter- 
mediate plates. 
b. A single series of actinal intermediate plates. 
c. Well developed pedicellariae present. Madreporic bodies 2, small . lorioli a 
cc. No pedicellariae. A single moderately large madreporic body squameus 
bb. Three series of actinal intermediate plates proximallv, 2 distally. Actinal series of papular areas 
not reaching base of ray rhabdotus 
aa. Papular areas in 6 longitudinal series. No papulae on actinal surface. Two or 3 series of actinal 
intermediate plates. 
b. Abactinal and marginal plates neither nodose nor with conspicuous central naked area. Adambu- 
lacral spinelets in 2 series. 
c. Rays less than 4 times as long as diameter at base. Papular pores 9-15. Disk relatively 
large sclerodermus 
cc. Rays more than 5 times as long as diameter at base. Papular pores 1 or 2. Disk small, rays 
slender. tenellus 
bb. Abactinal and marginal plates conspicuously tumid or nodose with naked central area. Adam- 
bulacral spinelets in 3 series triseriatus 
Ophidiaster lorioli, new species. 
PI. XXXI, figs. 4, 4a-d; pi. xxxix, fig. 3. 
Rays 5. R=31 mm.; r=4.5 mm. R=7r. Breadth of ray at base, 4.75 mm.; at middle of ray 
4-5 mm. Height of ray at base, 4.5 mm, 
Rays long, nearly cylindrical, or, in one case, distinctly depressed, tapering gradually on the 
outer part to a blunt extremity. Abactinal surface of disk slightly convex, a very slight constriction 
being present on dorsal surface between ray and disk. Papular areas regular, in 8 longitudinal series, 
3 pores to the area except in the actinal series and on the outer third of ray, where there are usually 2. 
On disk there are but 7 or 8 areas, with 2 pores to each. The single series of actinal intermediate 
plates is not externally visible. The plates are much smaller than the inferomarginals, 3 or 4 of the 
former corresponding to 2 of the latter. The other plates of ray, namely, the radial, ad.radial, supero- 
and inferomarginals, form 7 longitudinal series, the plates being cordate, the narrower or adoral 
a J. E. Ives has recorded (Proc. Phiiad. Acad. Sci., 1889, p.172) 5 specimens of Ophidiaster pusillus Muller and Troschel 
from Oahu. It is barely possible that these specimens are 0. lorioli. Ophidiaster pusillus has pedicellariie something like 
those of lorioli, but there are only 6 longitudinal series of papular areas. The species has been taken at Flores, Amboina, 
Philippine Islands, New Caledonia. 
