THE STARFISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
1079 
aa. Papular pores 10.-12; plates less prominent. 
b. Furrow spinelets equal germani 
bb. Furrow spinelets unequal cribrarius 
Ophidiaster robillardi is found at Mauritius, an interesting fact when considered in connection with 
Valvaster striatus, a species from Mauritius also occurring in the Hawaiian Islands. Germani is found 
at New Caledonia and 0. cribrarius at the Tonga Islands and Samoa. 
Named in honor of Prof. P. de Loriol, author of a classical series of papers on living and fossil 
echinoderms. 
Ophidiaster squameus, new species. 
PI. xxxi, fig. 6, 6a-b; pi. xxxvii, fig. 4. 
Rays 5. R=19mm. ; r=3 mm. R=6.3r. Breadth of ray at base, 3.25-3.75 mm. ; at middle of 
ray 3.75 mm. 
Rays unequal, cylindrical, scarcely tapering at all until the outer third is reached, and then only 
slightly. Tip blunt; terminal plate large, conspicuous, smooth, several small tubercles being present 
at the outer end. No pedicellariae whatever. Papular pores in 8 longitudinal series, 2 or 3 conspicu- 
ous pores to each area, but only one at the tip of ray and on disk. The plates are markedly convex, 
and the longitudinal series are very regular and separated by very evident papular furrows which 
extend the lengh of the ray. In a transverse direction the plates are marked off by a trifle shallower 
furrows, at the bottom of each of which is a narrow groove bordered by fairly regular globular gran- 
ules. The plates are cordate and arranged in a radial series on either side of which is an adradial, 
supero-and inferomarginal, and an actinal intermediate series bordering the adambulacrals. There 
are 2 actinal intermediate plates to each inferomarginal. The plates are covered with relatively very 
coarse granules for the genus, and these are subcircular to oval, convex, and much larger in the convex 
central portion of the plate than at its edges. Along the aboral and adoral edges they frequently form 
a border to a narrow groove as already indicated. From, 2 to 6 or 7 granules in the center, especially 
on the marginal plates, are conspicuously larger than the others and imbricate slightly, but slight spaces 
are frequently seen where the circular granules touch and do not overlap. On the inferomarginal 
plates 1 or 2 of the granules, especially on the outer part of the ray, are subtubercular. 
Furrow spinelets are not so large, 2 to the plate, equal, slightly over twice as long as wide, round- 
tipped and flattened. As they are placed on the plate the adoral appears outwardly a trifle longer 
than the other. Each spinelet has a small elliptical granule fastened to the furrow side and lying 
over the crack between adjacent spinelets. The lower end of this granule reaches about to the middle 
of the spinelet, and its upper end falls considerably short of the tip. Spaced from the furrow series, 
on the actinal surface, is a longitudinal row of much stouter, broadly ovoid or subconical granules or 
tubercles, of which 2 correspond to 3 furrow spinelets. The space between the 2 series is filled in with 
small, compressed subsquamiform granules, about 1 series of which pass between the actinal spinelets. 
The actinal intermediate plates have 1 or 2 central granules larger than the rest, but the general gran- 
ulation of these plates is intermediate between that of the adambulacrals and the inferomarginals. 
Madreporic body fairly large, regularly circular, situated about midway between center and edge. 
About the edge of the plate, which is perfectly flat, is a smooth unstriated border. Striations coarse, 
irregular. On the adcentral side are 5 or 6 granules larger than the others. Anal opening guarded 
by 4 triangular granules much larger than any others nearby. 
Color in life, vermilion; in alcohol, pinkish with pale yellowish spots here and there. 
Localities: Station 4100, Pailolo Channel, between Maui and Molokai islands, 130-151 fathoms, 
coral sand, shells, foraminifera; bottom temperature 61°; 1 specimen. 4023, Vicinity of Kauai Island 
18-41 fathoms, gray sand foraminifera, coral, rocks; 1 specimen, very young. Type no. 21174, U. S. 
National Museum. 
The nearest related species to this appears to be Ophidiaster purpureus Perrier a from which 
squameus differs in having a still coarser granulation, in being devoid of pedicellariae, and in having 
thicker actinal adambulacral spinelets, which are also situated closer together, so that 1, or at most 2, 
series of small granules separate them. The terminal plate is apparently larger than in purpureus, 
and the arms relatively shorter. It differs in the same respects, practically, from O. pustulatus (v. 
a Recherches sur les Pedicellaires, etc., 1869, p. 61. Revision des Stelldrides, 1875, p. 127. 
