MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 
83 
TABLE I. 
1 . 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
Calcium sulphate 
3,961 
5 . 302 
4.115 
0.129 
31.274 
15.675 
0.33 
110.00 
33.47 
Calcium chloride 
Magnesium chloride 
Magnesium bromide 
41 . 1 
17.6 
0.712 
83 . 00 
31.00 
1 
Ferric oxide and Alumina 
1 . 14 
Ferrous chloride 
0.050 
167.3 
Trace .... 
Sodium chloride .* 
152.674 
141.00 
176.161 
186.19 
Total solids 
166.052 
226.675 
256.00 
232 . 803 
331.73 
1, 2, 3, and 4 represents grams per kilogram. 
5 represents grams per litre. 
1. Parma brine from Gilmore well, Bay City, Michigan. Analysis by Dr. A. C. Goesmann, October, 
1862. (Geol. Sur. of Mieh. Vol. Ill, p. 181.) 
2. Napoleon brine from Saginaw Salt Co., St. Charles, Michigan. Analysis by .1. C. Graves, furnished 
by O. C. Diehl. 
3. Marshall brine from the Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Michigan. Analysis furnished by H. W. 
Dow. 
4. Per a brine from the Ayres well, Pt. Austin, Michigan. (Geol. Sur. of Mich., Vol. Ill, p. 183.) 
5. Berea brine from the Nortli American Chemical Co., Bay City, Michigan. (Geol. Sur. of Mich, 
report for 1905, p. 388.) 
The Napoleon brines (Nos. 2 and 3, table I) which are the source of 
the salt of the Saginaw Valiev, are characterized by the small per- 
centage of calcium sulphate and the presence of considerable amounts 
of bromine. It will be noted that the amount of bromine and earthy 
chlorides increases relatively to the sodium chloride as we go toward the 
center of the basin. While no analyses are available, Dr. Dow informs 
me that there is a considerable increase at Mt. Pleasant over Midland. 
The Napoleon sandstone is found at a depth of about 650-800 feet 
at Saginaw, 800 feet at Bay City, 1,300 feet at Midland, and 1,400 feet 
at Mt. Pleasant. 
Besides salt, a number of other products are obtained from this 
brine. The Dow Chemical Co. of Midland manufactures a large number 
of chemicals, among which may be mentioned, bromine, bromides, 
bleaching powder, and chloroform; the Van Scliaak Calcium Works of 
Mt. Pleasant produces bromine and calcium chloride; the Saginaw Plate 
Glass Co. has recently installed apparatus to recover the calcium 
chloride from the mother liquors from the salt block; and the North 
American Chemical Co. of Bay City uses the brine in the preparation 
of chlorates. 
The Berea brine (Nos. 4 and 5, table I) was used by the plants along 
the lake shore in Huron and Iosco counties. It contains an appreciable 
amount of bromine, not shown in the analyses, which was recovered 
from the bittern at some of the plants. 
There are other Michigan brines, which, although they have not been 
used for the manufacture of salt, are, at present, attracting consider- 
able attention on account of their high content of potassium. Of these, 
two may be mentioned. The first is from the deep well at Harbor 
Beach. It is found at a depth of 1875 feet in what Lane 1 has called 
the Monroe formation with a question mark. The second is from Muske- 
gon. It is struck at a depth of 2,030 feet in what is probably the Dundee 
limestone. The analyses follow: 
■Gecl. Sur. of Mich., Vol. V, Part II, p. 82. 
