19G 
THIRTEENTH REPORT. 
whose stems and leaves are rough to very rough. This group consists of 
a large number of species of various aspects and habitats. The second 
sub-section of the Trinervae I have called the Planae. This group, as 
its name implies, consists of plants whose stalks are glassy, smooth 
and generally glaucus, and are variuos in inflorescence and form of 
leaf. 
The second great head of our perennial sunflowers I have called the 
Sparsae, a name indicative of the scattered condition of the underground 
system. The roots in this group are few and small and are of but slight 
descriptive importance. The two great distinctive characters in this 
very natural assemblage of plants are its earth-branch and through that 
the migratorial habit. This head resolves itself into smaller groups in 
the following manner: Xonpetiolae or sessile leaved group, which is 
further divided into the Uninervae, whose leaves are narrow and strictly 
one-nerved and contains the following old species of other states put 
in here to complete the classification : 
H. angustifolius L., II. orgyalis DC. 
The leaves of the second group of the Nonpetiolae are all three-nerved, 
for which reason I have called it the Triplinervae. Among the old and 
well known species which belong in this group are the following Migra- 
torialae: 
II. divaricatus L. 
H. mollis Lam. 
H. doronicoides Lam. 
H. ciliaris DC. 
H. radula Torr. & Gray. 
II. heterophyllus Nutt. 
IT. c-inereus Torr. & Gray. 
There is but one of the above species indigenous to the state. I have 
put the foreign plants in to complete the sequence of groups. I have 
several more newly discovered three-nerved sessile-leaved plants of this 
state in the Botanical garden not yet described. 
The second group of the Sparsae consists of those plants which are 
manifestly petioled. I have named this group the Petiolae. This is a 
large assemblage of plants and consists of both old and new species, 
the latter far outnumbering the former. It is composed of two sub- 
groups namely: Earth-branch cylindrical or the Cylindrae, which is 
still further divided into the Nudipetiolae consisting of plants with 
leaves whose petioles are nearly or entirely wingless. This is not a 
very large group, perhaps from ten to fifteen species, all but one of 
which are new to science and indigenous to the state. 
The second section of the Spargerae consists of plants whose leaves 
have petioles conspicuously winged and contains the great bulk of the 
genus Heliauthus. It is called the Alatae. There are about twelve or 
fifteen old species belonging to this section. Conspicuous among these, 
strumosus, decapetalus and occidental is may be given as representative 
examples. Tt seems very remarkable that the winged petioles should 
never before have been used as group characters. This character I find 
highly useful in differentiating groups and species. 
The second group of the Petiolae is made up of plants whose earth- 
branches bear terminal tubers. The II. tuberosus may be taken as the 
