66 
FOURTEENTH REPORT. 
List of the Species of the Larix laricina Association. 
DOMINANT SPECIES. 
Larix laricina. Acer rubrum. 
Sphagnum spp. Fraxinus nigra. 
SECONDARY SPECIES. 
Cornu s canadensis. 
Frag a ri a virg ini ana. 
Rub us tri floras. 
Aralia nudicaulis. 
Aster junceus. 
Eu patoriu m pu rp urea m. 
C ypripediu m li irsutum. 
Jiil'es oynosbati. 
Lon i cera ca nad e ns is. 
Coptis trifolia. 
Galium tri fl or urn. 
Pyrola a sari folia. 
Pyrola seen n da. 
ffabenaria flam. 
( ! eu m ma croph yllu rn. 
Pole a tilla canadensis. 
Cor nus circinata. 
8 b l Ida go u l igi n osa . 
Mitella nuda . 
RELIC SPECIES. 
Pinas resinosa (a few dead, 
in o' trees). 
I* op a l as tremu loides. 
8alix pedicellaris. 
Corn as $t olonifera. 
Chamaedapli ne calyculata. 
stand- Salix rostrata. 
Pet ala alba pap yrifera . 
Qucrcus rubra (very few) 
Led a ai groenla n di cu m. 
Rosa Carolina. 
INVADING SPECIES. 
Thuja occidentaUs. Abies balsa mea. 
Picea mariana. Bet ala, lutea. 
Fagas grandifolia. Acer spicatnm. 
The Thuja occidentaUs Association . 
Nearly all of the boggy parts of this region are covered with this 
association of conifers. The land they occupy is low, water-soakt or 
very nearly so — which prevents the development of genetically higher 
associations — and cold. A general view of Reese’s hog located at the 
north end of Burt Lake is shown in Plate 11. 
The association is composed of trees of which the following — order 
of abundance as named — compose virtually all of the growth: white 
cedar (Thuja occidentaUs ), balsam ( Abies balsamea) , black spruce 
( Picea mariana) and red maple (Acer rubrum). Other trees as white 
pine (Pinas strobus), black ash (Fraxinus nigra), and white spruce 
( Picea canadensis) also occur here and there. These trees form a dense, 
often nearly impenetrable jungle, illustrated in Tlates 12 and 13a. 
The ground cover is formed by needles, leaves, decaying logs and other 
debris in which a few characteristic plants that prefer cold situations 
are to be found. A few of the more typical species are Monescs uniflora. 
Cor nus canadensis. Pyrola secunda, P. a sari folia , Clintonia borealis , 
Ledum grocnlandicaon, Tricntalis amcricaua. Chiogenes hispidula (shown 
