192 
Psyche 
[October- December 
The queen of Bremus affinis is colored differently than the 
workers and males, and for a time it seemed doubtful whether 
the two groups belonged together (cf. Franklin 1912/13, 1, p. 280). 
My observations confirm the conclusions of Bridwell and Frank- 
lin. 
In the vicinity of Boston, the queens of Bremus affinis leave 
their winter quarters toward the end of April, and most colonies 
are probably started in May. The workers begin to appear 
toward the end of May, and the young queens and males are 
largely produced in August and September. The more pros- 
perous nests do not break up until October. 
Bremus affinis is gentle as compared with such species as 
Bremus fervidus and Bremus impatiens. When one disturbs 
their nest, the foraging workers, as a rule, immediately fly away 
as soon as they notice the intruder. 
II. Bremus occidentalis Greene. 
There seems to be no record (cf. Franklin 1912/13, I, p. 273) 
that a nest of Bremus occidentalis has ever been taken. I acci- 
dentally discovered 2 nests of this species at Berkeley, Calif, 
during the summer of 1920, both of which were subterranean. 
One of these was about 2 ft. below the surface of the ground, and 
contained (July 12th) 5 young queens and over 80 workers. 
This colony was transferred to an observation box, but soon after- 
wards was destroyed by Argentine ants ( Iridomyrmex humilis 
Mayr). The other colony was not dug up. 
Bremus occidentalis is similar in disposition to Bremus affinis. 
III. Bremus terricola Kirby. 
Practically nothing is known concerning the nesting habits of 
this species. Coville (1890) probably took a colony near Ithaca, 
N. Y. during the summer of 1885, but he only briefly refers to its 
egg-laying habits. 
I took a nest of this species near the Arnold Arboretum on 
July 3, 1922, and about two weeks later another nest was taken 
by Dr. E. S. Anderson, at Washington, Me. The nest which I 
took was situated 9 inches below the surface of the ground with 
