200 
Psyche 
[October- December 
The workers begin to appear about the 1st of June, while the 
males and young queens are chiefly produced in August and 
September. The colonies, like those of Bremus impatiens, do 
not break up until October. 
On page 99, Putnam (1865) makes the following statement 
concerning Bremus fervidus: “This species is of 
quite a gentle disposition, allowing its nests to be disturbed for 
some time before it makes any show of resistance, merely ex- 
hibiting its uneasiness by buzzing.” I cannot subscribe to this 
statement. Of all the species with which I have had experience — 
including Bremus terrestris, layidarius, agrorum, muscorum, 
sylvarum, and helferanus in Europe — , Bremus fervidus is by 
far the most vicious. Usually, when its nests are disturbed, 
one or more workers at once pounce on the intruder and punish 
him. If he takes to his heels, they sometimes follow him for a 
hundred yards or more. I was stung severely bj r this species on 
several occasions. 
Bremus fervidus, as I have pointed out recently (1922a), has 
the interesting habit of expelling the queens and workers of other 
Bremidse from its nests by daubing them with honey. 
Literature Cited. 
Bachmann, M. 1915. Biologische Beobachtungcn an Hummeln. 
Mitteil. Munch. Ent. Gesellsch., Vol. 6, pp. 71-112. 
Bequciert,J. 1920. Hymenoptera Collected near Boston, Mass., 
with Description of a Variety of Bombus affinis. Psyche, 
Vol. 27, pp. 6-13. 
Coville . F. V. 1890. Notes on Bumble-Bees. Proc. Ent. Soc. 
Washington, Vol. 1, pp. 197-203. 
Drewsen, C. og Schiodte , J. 1838. Fortegnelseo ver cle danske 
Arter af Slaegterne Bombus og Psithyrus. Naturhist. 
Ticlsskr., Vol. 2. pp. 105-126, pi. 2. 
Franklin, H. J. 1912/13. The Bombidae of the New World 
Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., Vol. 38, pp. 177-486, Vol. 39, 
pp. 73-200, pis. 1-22. 
1915. Notes on Bombidse, with Descriptions of New 
Forms (Hvm.). Ent. News, Vol. 26 pp. 409-417. 
