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TENTH REPORT. 
Bands of Golden-crowned Kinglets are found searching for the small insects 
which still remain on the leaves, or which have secreted themselves for the 
winter under a loose piece of bark. White-breasted and Red-breasted 
Nuthatches are quite common in the oak forest, where they find abundant 
insect food in the crevices and cracks of the bark. 
CONDITIONS IN WINTER. 
In winter the forest offers good protection and considerable food but the 
bird life is very small. The scattered groups of evergreens furnish excellent 
protection from both enemies and storms, as well as supplying considerable 
insect and vegetable food for large numbers of the former hibernate here in 
winter, while the seeds in the cones are eaten by a number of birds. The 
ground being high, the snow does not remain long upon it, and even in severe 
winters there are many sheltered spots where the earth is bare. 
CHARACTERISTIC BIRDS. 
Junco hyemalis (Linn.). Slate-colored Junco. The Junco or as it is 
commonly called the snow bird, arrives in October and remains through- 
out the .winter, sometimes not leaving until the middle of April. It is found 
in nearly every habitat to a certain extent, but occurs in greatest numbers 
in the forest where it frequents the more open parts, preferring the ever- 
greens to roost in , and as a place of refuge during storms. In habits the Junco 
closely resembles the Tree Sparrow. When feeding it shows little fear, but at 
roosting time or when wandering aimlessly about they take alarm at any 
slight disturbance. The feeding is principally done on the ground in the 
more open forest. The food consists entirely of weed and grass seeds, rag- 
weed, crab-grass, pigeon grass, and amaranth forming the largest part. 
When disturbed it utters a metallic chip which has been compared to the 
sound produced by clicking two marbles together. The birds are seldom 
met with except in flocks which often number fifty or more. On a whole, 
the protection offered the Junco by the evergreens seems to be the controlling 
factor, as the weed seeds eaten are much more abundant in the open 
meadow than here. 
SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES. 
The Blue Jay remains here in considerable numbers feeding on the acorns. 
Some winters, small flocks of Pine Siskins have visited the forest, the clumps 
of balsams furnishing the required conditions. Downy and Hairy Wood- 
peckers are found among the oak and apple trees. Sometimes a Great 
Horned Owl, or the smaller Barred Owl, hunt for mice in the cemetery, 
and many pellets from these birds are found under the evergreens where 
they stay during the day. 
BIRDS OF STATION III. (FOREST). 
1. Ruffed Grouse. Exceedingly rare. 
2. Bob White. Very rare resident. 
3. Mourning Dove. Common; nests. 
4. Sharp-shinned Hawk. Rare winter resident, also migrant. 
5. Cooper’s Hawk. Very rare summer resident. 
0. Marsh Hawk. Common visitor, occasionally breeds. 
