INOCULATION FOR PLEURO-PNEUMONIA IN CATTLE. 455 
of the town of Nottingham ; besides which, he buys in from 
time to time a number of animals to fatten, and also to supply 
the place of those which have been sacrificed to this and 
other diseases, so that he has from 90 to 100 head of cattle 
usually on his premises. It - is necessary to state that the 
amount of loss is partly guarded against by feeding the 
animals liberally, and by having them killed as soon as they 
give the slightest indication of being affected with Pleuro- 
pneumonia, — experience having shown the inutility of medical 
treatment. 
The rate of progress of the disease has not been uniform, 
as it appears that several weeks have passed without any cases, 
and then somewhat unexpectedly a fresh outbreak has taken 
place. These repeated attacks have not been traced to any 
satisfactory cause, but the more recent losses would seem to 
be connected with the sudden appearance of the affection 
known as Epizootic Eczema among the cows, in August, 1852. 
This disease produced a great fall in the condition of the 
animals, thereby rendering them more susceptible to the 
general causes of Pleuro-pneumonia. For some time prior to 
this date not more than one milking-cow in a month was 
affected ; but since then, occasionally, as many as two in a 
week have succumbed to the disease. It is a somewhat singular 
circumstance, that for three months after the appearance of 
Pleuro-pneumonia in the summer of 1849* the disease was 
entirely confined to the cows inhabiting one particular shed, 
although a free communication exists between this shed and 
the others where the cattle are placed. It was thought that 
this circumstance depended somewhat on imperfect ventila- 
tion, and steps were taken to remedy this supposed defect ; 
still, however, this shed has throughout yielded by far the 
larger number of cases. Very little preference has been 
shown by the disease for either the fatting or milking cows, 
but the more recently purchased animals have generally 
suffered the most. 
It is a fact, worthy of a passing remark, that a bull which 
had been two years on the premises, was at the time of our 
visit in perfect health ; and also that another bull, which had 
free access to the cows in the fatal years of 1849 and 1850, 
completely resisted the influence of the contagion. Both 
these animals were in turn made to live in a shed which 
adjoins the one previously described as being remarkably un - 
healthy ; besides which, cow 7 after cow was attacked while 
being tied up in a stall immediately contiguous to that occu- 
pied alternately by the bulls. We may further observe that 
the causes of the fatality arc by no means apparent ; the 
