STATE OF MEDICINE AMONG THE ARABIANS. 631 
has fallen a sacrifice to this disorder. The cavity is filled 
with thick, tenacious mucosities, such as we have seen the first 
troubled with during life. And if in the gizzard we scratch 
off with our finger-nail the epidermis covering it, we shall 
discover in this the same lesions which we found in the 
supplementary stomach, i. e ., injection and corrosion. 
The intestines also present, scattered about, traces of 
inflammation, which grow fainter in the posterior ones. 
The liver is the principal organ whose alteration attracts 
notice, for, in some it is a yellow or pale coffee colour ; in 
others it has more of the ochre cast. 
As to treatment , I have tried none : I have deemed it more 
prudent to employ measures of sanitary policy. This is a 
contagious affection. And as a radical measure of prevention, 
I have recommended that the whole of the poultry of any 
one yard, when once the epizootic has appeared among 
them, to be destroyed. — Rec. de Med. Vet., September, 1853. 
STATE OF MEDICINE AMONG THE ARABIANS, WITH 
THEIR MANNER OF VIEWING DISEASE. 
By M. M. J. Gourdron, at Naudin, Ex-Veterinary Surgeon of the 
Army of Africa. 
The study of veterinary medicine, like that of human medi- 
cine, presents no other interest in our estimation than one 
of curiosity, there being nothing to derive from it anywise of 
useful application. With the Arabs medicine hardly merits 
the name, resembling nothing so little as an established sci- 
ence; reduced as it is to certain practical and barbarous 
routines more or less partaking of superstition, unconnected 
by any idea of result, save in the absolute belief of certain 
signs of fatality which every animal carries about with him. 
Veterinary medicine is without a name, and consequently, 
excepting in the diviners (or sorcerers), we have mentioned, 
has no special representatives. Every horse and cattle-owner 
treats his beasts according to his own notions, without calling 
in any neighbouring aid. Indeed, we never see any of the 
people more fit or ready than others to lend assistance, either 
in the treatment of diseases or operations, or in reasoning 
upon their causes or symptoms. In this respect all seems 
to be upon the head of perfect equality. 
Human medicine has its Mebibs, who are commonly mara- 
bouts, who are at times willing to lend their aid to horses, 
whenever these be of noble race. Still we suggest that, not- 
withstanding their title to the estimation in which they are 
