REVIEW. 
569 
3. That this fluid passes from the esophagus into the duo- 
denum without remaining in the stomach. 
4. That it has a special action in digestion. 
5. That the quantity secreted amounts to from eight to ten 
quarts or more daily. 
6. Lastly, that the fluid exists in greatest abundance where- 
ever the absorption of chyle is most active. 
These opinions were subjected to much discussion, in the 
course of which other theories were broached, resting upon 
former observations and some experiments of still more recent 
date than those performed by M. Riquet, which went to shew, — 
1. That the peculiarity of the asserted pharyngeal secretion 
did not seem to be borne out, since its analysis afforded no other 
result than salivary fluid and mucus mixed together yielded ; 
and that the quantity said to be produced in the twenty-four 
hours was not fairly calculated by multiplying by so many 
times the product of one hour. And, further, that it was in- 
comprehensible how any fluid could make its transit through a 
loaded stomach without suffering arrest therein. And, finally, 
that the fluid was not the exclusive secretion of the pharynx, 
but was furnished by the buccal membrane and salivary glands 
as well. 
Parallel under Parturition between the Mare and the Cow. 
MARE. 
1. In the mare, delivery is often fol- 
lowed by insuccess. 
2. A wound in the genital organs of 
the-mare is generally mortal. 
3. Inversion of the uterus in the 
mare is almost always incurable. 
4. Mares almost always succumb to 
penetrating wounds into the abdomen 
during parturition. 
5. In the mare, delivery of the most 
simple kind is on occasions followed by 
evil consequences : in unnatural and 
laborious parturitions often both dam 
and foal fall victims. 
6. In the mare, difficult parturition 
proves an Herculean task to the ope- 
rator. 
7. In the mare, the duration of the 
life of the foal, in a case of unnatural 
parturition, does not extend beyond the 
cow. 
1. In the cow, delivery almost always 
ends favourably. 
2. A wound in the genital organs of 
the cow rarely entails death. 
3. Inversion of the uterus in the cow 
is frequently curable. 
4. The same accident is not gene- 
rally mortal in cows. 
5. In the cow, delivery even of the* 
most complicated description generally 
proves easy, and operation ordinarily 
successful. 
6. In the cow, such parturitions are 
of small account to a practitioner skilled 
in the necessary operations. 
7. In the cow, under the same cir- 
cumstances, the young may survive 
four or five days in utero, because its 
