CASES OCCURRING IN AFRICA. 
79 
oblongata, near the foramen magnum; the superficial vessels 
of the brain were much distended, and the vascular network 
of the pia mater strongly defined. The ventricles contained 
but an ordinary quantity of fluid. The substance of the 
brain was apparently healthy. 
I do not know that this case is in any way interesting ; 
but being of not frequent occurrence, and the post mortem 
appearances tending to confirm the opinion that the meninges 
of the brain are more especially implicated in this affection, 
leads me to send it. One question, however, may arise, viz., 
was the coagulated blood found upon the medulla oblongata, 
cause or effect ? The latter, I should imagine ; if otherwise, 
the earlier symptoms would have been of a different cha- 
racter. 
*** Extravasation of blood cannot be regarded as a very 
unlikely occurrence in mad-staggers, when it comes to be 
considered what concussions and contusions the head is sub- 
jected to during the phrenitic paroxysm. — [Ed. Yet.] 
Case IV. — Enteritis, with rupture of Colon, 
perhaps of Diaphragm too. 
A bay gelding, seven years old, in previous good health, 
and possessed with endurance, on the 26th of August, 1 853, 
while employed on post duty in the night, made a false step 
and fell heavily. On the 29th he was attacked with symp- 
toms of cholic, which passed off upon being trotted for a 
few minutes, and he fed as usual immediately afterwards. 
On the 5th of September, after returning from water, he had 
another attack, which likewise quickly subsided. On the 
morning of the 9th (being now at head-quarters) he was 
again discovered ailing, presenting symptoms of a more 
serious character. Pulse small, and much quickened ; mu- 
cous membranes injected ; abdomen distended from tym- 
pany ; extremities cold ; mouth clammy ; body bedewed with 
perspiration. No faeces in the rectum ; continuous pain ; 
(a few moments’ cessation only occurring, while the animal 
was on his back ;) with an anxious countenance, expressive 
of intense suffering. An unfavorable and speedy termina- 
tion was evident. Two drachms of chlorinated lime in water 
were given, followed by a solution of aloes, and enemas of 
warm water frequently employed. The disease speedily ran 
its course ; the pulse became imperceptible ; cold sweats 
covered the body ; tremors followed ; death terminated the 
scene at two o’clock, p.m. 
Autopsy . — Abdominal parietes very tense from inflation. 
