422 
BREEDING HORSES. 
other of the species, deriving its name from Turkistan, one 
of the six divisions of South Tartary, north-east of the 
Caspian Sea, famed in ancient history for having produced a 
pure breed of horses therefore, the origin of English 
thorough-bred horses is not Arabian only ; besides, it is well 
known to all who have any horse knowledge, that horses are 
called Arabians in the East that are not pure Arabians, and 
Toorkomans that are not pure Toorkomans, both have not 
unfrequently mixture of Persian blood. Arabians are called 
Tazees. “ The Tazee is of a distinct breed from the genuine 
Toorkoman, whose origin is beyond the reach of inquiry, but 
a comparative view of the constituents of the two horses may 
better aid this opinion than the flimziness of conjecture, 
while common experience will confirm the dissimilarity of 
their general properties.” Pigott has not described either 
Toorkoman or Arabian, because these are foreigners in India 
as well as in Europe. I have seen but few of the former, 
and these were larger horses than the latter. I have seen 
many of the mixed breeds (now become scarce in India), and 
these agreed with his description. “ The Tazee cross is in 
general higher than the Toorkey, his withers lean and well 
raised, whereas the Toorkey is usually rather inclined to be 
heavy in the forehand, and oftentimes lower before than 
behind, with his shoulder less free, but is broader over the 
fillets than the Tazee, having also, for the proportion of his 
height, a deeper waist, a fulness at the setting on of the 
head, which prevents his yielding duly to the hand, is a fault 
very common to Toorkies, and rarely found in the Tazee, but 
one of the strongest and least variable, is the appearance of 
the vertebrae and the carriage of the tail. In the Toorky the 
former appears to be sunk between the rising muscles on 
each side, “and he is much more round and plump in the 
croup, than the Tazee; and the tail, though well carried, 
starts somewhat abruptly from the croup, whereas, in the 
Tazee, the vertebra is distinctly seen rising above the muscle 
on each side, marking strongly the joints of it, carrying the 
tail clear of the croup, in resemblance to our English hunter. 
The Toorky’s ears are large and lax, whereas those of a 
Tazee are remarkable for form and expression.” 
“ In opposition to placidity of temper in the Toorky, the 
organs of sensation in the Tazee are often so exquisitely 
delicate, that the smallest abuse of them renders the latter 
fretful and impatient. Moojiniss, applied to the best of the 
breed, means the immediate offspring of the Toorkoman and 
Tazee, and in general acceptation is a mixture/’ 
“A purchaser ascertaining a horse to be of the castes 
