80 
ENZOOTIC DISEASE IN DOGS, & C. 
we found dead were opened, and all presented, as nearly as possible, 
the same appearances, which were as follow : — Immediately after 
death a small quantity of black blood flowed from the nostrils, and 
the belly began to swell. There was a general paleness and 
flaccidity throughout the muscular substance. The digestive canal 
was perfectly healthy in most of the animals, but in two there were 
ecchymoses irregularly dispersed throughout the mucous membrane 
of the stomach. I attributed the redness which was observable in 
the longitudinal folds of the rectum to the hardness of the fseces. 
The spleen was soft and very much tumefied, and the black blood 
which it contained escaped on the slightest pressure. There was 
nothing worthy of remark in any other of the alimentary canals. 
The lungs were spotted with ecchymoses to a greater or less 
degree in all. Several parts of the pulmonary lobes were choked 
with blood, and the lower part of one or both lobes was hepatized, 
and a clear suppuration flowed from them. With this exception 
the remainder of the respiratory passages were free from disease. 
There were some remarkable lesions about the heart. In nearly 
all of the animals we examined the blood which it contained was 
black and nearly liquid. In the ventricles and under the auriculo- 
ventricular valves, and beneath the fleshy bands, were hard clots 
of pure fi brine, from which the utmost pressure could not obtain 
one single drop of blood or serosity. These fibrinous masses were 
exactly the same colour as the valves, and adhered so firmly to 
them, that it was almost impossible to detach them. This sepa- 
ration of the constituent elements of the blood must have taken 
place some time before death, since it is impossible to conceive 
that such a degree of fibrinous organization could have taken place 
in animals which were opened within three hours after their death. 
There were numerous ecchymoses, some of them very large, in the 
serosity, and even in the thickness of the heart. 
In the first dog which I opened I observed some lesions of the 
respiratory passages, which appeared to me to account for the 
cough that I spoke of when enumerating the symptoms. In the 
tracheal mucous membrane and in the chief bronchial passages 
there were a number of little excrescences about the size of peas, 
and of a reddish hue. On closely examining these singular pro- 
ductions, numerous small white filaments were perceptible, which 
could be detached with the point of a scalpel. We examined se- 
veral of these filaments with a microscope, and became convinced 
that they were neither more nor less than entozoa, belonging to the 
genus filaria, and bearing a close resemblance to the small worms 
which are sometimes found in purulent cysts developed under the 
mucous membrane of the right cavity of the stomach in horses. 
Mr. Schikler’s pack consisted of seventy-two dogs, fifty-nine of 
