82 ENZOOTIC DISEASE IN DOGS, &C. 
not until death, it will be evident that the principal seat of the 
disease was in the lungs and the respiratory passages. But there 
were other symptoms attending this malady, which are never 
observable in bronchitis or pneumonia. The extreme weakness 
and prostration of all those attacked — the infiltration and yellow 
hue of the conjunctiva — the violent and rapid palpitations of the 
heart, contrasted with the slowness, irregularity, and inequality of 
the pulse — the presence of the appetite, even up to the moment 
of death — the fluidity and want of plasticity in the blood drawn 
from the veins of the patients — the discharge of blood from the 
nostrils immediately after death — the hueless softness of the flesh — 
the numerous ecchymoses found on different organs, and, above 
all, the clots of fibrine deposited under the fleshy columns and the 
valves of the heart — the size of the spleen, its softness and the 
fluidity and black colour of the matter it contained, — all these 
appearances struck me as being the characteristics of an alteration 
of the blood. In fact, there is a striking analogy between the 
appearances, lesions, and symptoms here detailed, and those at- 
tendant on what we term alteration of the blood in horses. I, 
therefore, considered this disease to be pneumonia combined with 
alteration of the blood. 
Causes . — I have already stated that, on their arrival in France, 
the English dogs had undergone an immediate and total change of 
diet, and from being fed entirely on animal food they were, with- 
out any intermediate transition, at once brought to live on barley 
bread. I have not the least doubt that this change from animal 
to vegetable food was the cause of the impoverishment of the 
blood. As for the pneumonia, that is easily accounted for, if we 
recall to mind that the dogs were hunted for three consecutive 
days, swam twice across the Seine in the month of January, and, 
besides this, they were removed from a well-ventilated boarded 
kennel to a damp place, where they lay on the bare ground. 
The state of the blood at the time of the appearance of pneu- 
monia will account for its extreme gravity, as well as for the 
non-success of the antiphlogistic mode of combating it. Five 
animals died on the day of my arrival, and six more during the 
night and the following morning, although they had been bled 
repeatedly. In all the others the disease continued to make rapid 
progress, although they had likewise been phlebotomized. 
TREATMENT. — I set to work by dividing the animals into two 
classes ; the one composed of those that were only beginning 
to take on the disease, and the other of those which were seri- 
ously ill. 
For the animals of the first class I prescribed a slight bleeding, 
and small doses of quinquina wine, morning and night. 
For those of the second class, I prescribed general bleedings, 
