156 
ON CHAMP IN THE TONGUE IN CATTLE. 
fected with angina or aphtha, or when the cause depends on some 
irritation with reference to that organ. 
Profound or deeply-seated glossitis is more rare than the pre- 
ceding affection, and it has also a more serious character. It at- 
tacks the whole or a great part of the tongue, and is sometimes 
accompanied by very alarming appearances. The tongue is not 
only red, hot, painful, and hard, but considerably enlarged in every 
part, and closely lodged in the mouth, which the animal keeps 
open, in order to diminish the pain that would result from its com- 
pression. Having passed the palate, it projects more or less from 
the mouth, sometimes hanging three or four inches from it. It is 
livid, or of a violet colour, particularly on its inferior surface, and 
becomes covered with a white matter. 
In the mean time the vessels of the inferior surface are easy to 
be seen, and gorged with blood. There is an infiltration in the 
cellular substance situated beneath the membrane which covers the 
bridle of the tongue, and in that also which governs the engorged 
veins, in such a manner that we can see on the inferior surface 
of the tongue large irregular cords, surrounded with an infil- 
trated tissue. Ordinarily the submaxillary glands are swollen 
and painful, and the saliva runs abundantly from the mouth. If 
the tongue is much tumefied, especially at its base, the jaw-bones 
are forcibly held tight to each other, and it is difficult or even im- 
possible to separate them. The functions of mastication and deglu- 
tition are painful and forced. The respiration is accelerated, and 
difficult to execute; indeed, to such degree as sometimes to threaten 
suffocation. This is principally the case with the dog, who respires 
chiefly through the mouth. The tongue is exceedingly dry when 
the inflammation assumes a seriodk character ; and as it dimi- 
nishes, the saliva or thick discharge, which was before exceed- 
ingly clear, becomes thick and viscid. In this state of things the 
fever develops itself, or sometimes precedes the attack ; offers a 
remission of some hours on almost every morning, and characterizes 
itself by a hard and frequent pulse when the disease is most in- 
tense. 
Frequently glossitis' is accompanied by inflammation of the 
pharynx, the muzzle, the roof of the palate, or the submaxillary 
gland. 
Glossitis must not be confounded with glossanthrax. The cold- 
ness of the portion of the tongue hanging out of the mouth — the 
redness, the violet or black colour, the black cords which can- 
not but be observed, must not induce the surgeon to think that 
he has to do with a charbonneuse affection, and that the inferior 
portion of the tongue is attacked by gangrene : these are only 
some of the phenomena resulting from inflammation, which involves 
