IN HERBIVOROUS ANIMALS. 215 
external border is very salient, and the internal finds itself worn 
down to the alveole. 
As a consequence of the influence of such a deformity, on ac- 
count of even the excessive inclination of the planes of the 
dental tables, the alimentary matters have the tendency of slipping 
into the pouch of the cheeks, where they accumulate in great 
quantity, because the bucco-labial muscles have not sufficient 
energy to push them under the dental tables, whence they conti- 
nually escape, on account of their obliquity. Hence an “ emma- 
gasinage ,” which profoundly disgusts the animal. There exists 
in the museum of the college at Alfort a horse’s head in which 
this deformity may be seen in its greatest degree. 
The tables of the teeth at the right side form in both jaws 
planes so much inclined, that they are become almost parallel the 
one to the other, and intercross each other in the manner of the 
blades of shears. As, by the presence of this parallelism, the 
borders, the most salient of the dental tables from top to bottom, 
not being able to continue to encounter each other, and that the 
teeth, nevertheless, continue to grow, the external sides of the su- 
perior molars and the internal of the inferior have acquired the 
enormous height of three inches without the alveoles. With such 
dimensions of the teeth the complete approach of the jaws could not 
remain possible, for the inferior grinders were compelled to strike the 
vault of the palate, upon which is deeply imprinted their marks. 
In examining this curious anatomical specimen, the manner in 
which this veritable monstrosity was produced may be somewhat 
satisfactorily explained. 
The right branch of the maxilla, which gives implantation to 
these exuberant teeth, is considerably tumefied : the fourth and the 
fifth molar of this branch are absent; perhaps they were carious. 
The examination of their alveoles permits us to recognize that the 
tissue of the bone, rarefied and spongy, has been the seat of an 
alteration, probably caries, which was the point of departure of 
the general tumefaction. Finally, the last molar, obliquely directed 
in front of the empty alveoles, indicates that the fall of these teeth 
was effected during the life of the animal, and even at an epoch 
much anterior to death. There existed, therefore, in this branch 
of the maxilla, an alteration of the molars anterior to the last 
grinder, and of the maxilla itself, which would necessarily be very 
painful, and which, without doubt, forced the animal to make use 
exclusively of the other side of the jaw for the purpose of tritu- 
ration. In such a state of things, the teeth which do not wear 
increase to such a degree that they encounter each other, even 
when the teeth at the opposite side are in actual and exact contact, 
