222 
ON DISEASES OF THE DENTAL APPARATUS 
the membrane of the sinuses irritates, vascularises, and thickens 
by a serous infiltration in the early stage; then, the primitive cause 
of this modification continuing its action, it hypertrophies consider- 
ably, and, in a short time, upon this mucous membrane, owing to 
its vascular system being richly developed by the inflammation, 
are elevated large vegetations of the nature of polypi, which do not 
delay to fill the sinus and to determine a swelling out of their pa- 
rietes by efforts that they exercise against them, on account of the 
incessant augmentation in their volume. 
In the same time that the membrane of the sinuses thus becomes 
the seat of an abnormal vegetation, it secretes an abundant quantity 
of purulent matter, of which the part most liquid drains out below, 
and finds an external issue by the conduits of the nasal cavities ; 
while the most concrete part of the pus sojourns in the sinus be- 
tween the polypous vegetations. It then suffers a transformation 
according as it loses its serosity, and, at the end of a certain time, 
it displays the aspect of cadaveric grease, which it again much 
resembles in its repugnant odour. 
Between the disease that determines this particular lesion and 
that of glanders exists a great analogy, as we shall see in the 
Symptomatology. 
SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 
Symptoms common and particular to different Alterations and 
Diseases of the Dental Apparatus . 
The first symptom which presents itself when an alteration in 
the dental apparatus is arrived to a degree sufficient to inconve- 
nience the mastication, is the difficulty with which this function is 
executed. The animals, excited by the sensation of hunger, seize 
with avidity the aliments placed before them, and endeavour to 
chew them; but, it may be remarked that the movements in ap- 
proaching the jaws are made with a certain degree of caution. The 
lateral motions of the inferior maxilla are executed with a sort of 
hesitation, and often only at one side. 
When the animals eat hay, the mouthfuls which they have seized, 
imperfectly ground by this mastication, and performed without 
energy, cannot arrive at a sufficient degree of preparation to go 
through the narrowness of the gorge, and are rejected into the 
manger impregnated with a great quantity of saliva, in the form 
of “ cuds,” or flattened pellets. This first effort being unavailing, 
they return to the rack with an avidity still again increased by 
the excitement of desire, recommencing to chew, but uselessly, and 
rejecting a new pellet. Then continuing thus during some time, 
until fatigued with unavailing efforts, they finally altogether re- 
