IN HERBIVOROUS ANIMALS. 
2*25 
have been torn by the canellures of the teeth, a turgescence of the 
gum at the region where it is inflamed, a tumefaction of the bone 
with a greyish tint at the point where it is denuded and about to 
exfoliate ; or else, fistulse abutting into the heart of the suppura- 
tion in the spongy tissue of the jaws. Finally, and in a word, in- 
flammation once established in the mouth, under the influence of 
great irritation determined by the irregularity of the teeth, may 
pursue all the stages of its development, and produce a series of 
disorganizations in strict relation with the mode of action of its 
efficient cause. 
Particular Symptoms of Caries . 
Caries of the molars is characterised by peculiar symptoms of 
which some are common to caries of the teeth in general, while 
others belong to this kind of alteration in some molars in par- 
ticular. 
The position of the teeth, as we have indicated in speaking of 
the anatomical lesions, should be here especially taken into con- 
sideration, in order to give greater precision in the diagnosis. 
Besides the symptoms common to all the diseases of teeth that 
we have indicated, caries of the teeth in general, whatever may 
be their situation, present as diagnostic signs — 
1. A foetor very remarkable and sui generis of the buccal cavity, 
and of the saliva which humefies it. 
2. Dribbling of a long stringy saliva in abundant quantities. 
3. The existence upon one of the faces of the tooth, and princi- 
pally on its table, either of a blackish excavation, or a large cavity 
of the same colour, according to the extent of the disease. 
4. The extreme pain that the animal evinces, when struck with 
a hard body upon the tooth thus excavated. 
If the caries is of long duration, and has determined from the 
side of the root of the organ, the modifications and complications 
of which we have above spoken, other and more special symp- 
toms manifest themselves ; the bone in which is implanted the 
diseased tooth tumefies considerably, and becomes painful to the 
simple pressure of the fingers ; the gums are affected with turges- 
cence in the neighbourhood of the caries, and bleed from the least 
contact ; all the buccal mucous membrane reflects a red tint, which 
witnesses the diffuse inflammation of which it is the seat. In the 
mean time fever becomes excited, and manifests itself by all its 
ordinary and general symptoms. 
Caries of the first and second superior molars may complicate 
itself with lesions of the nasal cavities, when, by the agency of its 
ulcerative process, a communication is established between these 
