518 REVIEW — MORTON ON CALCULOUS CONCRETIONS. 
most violent during the night-time, and, one of them being worse 
than usual on a particular night, I had him slaughtered on the 
following morning, it being our custom never to subject to medi- 
cal treatment an animal that was fit for the knife. On opening 
the carcass we found a serous fluid effused between the skin and 
the fasciae of the abdominal muscles — the abdominal cavity was 
not dropsical ; but the bladder was highly inflamed, and distended 
almost to bursting. 
When the bladder was examined, it was found to contain 
several — I should suppose eight or ten — soft calcareous masses, 
which, on being pressed between the fingers, yielded readily. 
These concretions varied in size from a pin’s head to a pea ; and, 
on laying open the urethra, the lining membrane was seen to be 
inflamed, and the channel — in places — stopped by more than one 
of these concretions, that had evidently escaped from the bladder. 
Unfortunately no examination was made of the kidneys, as the 
carcass was intended for the market. 
After this others were similarly affected, and, the symptoms 
becoming urgent, they were also destroyed. The bodies ex- 
hibited the like appearances, and in all of them it was remarked 
that the distress was most perceptible during the night, while in 
the day-time they were only distinguished from the remainder of 
the flock by being dull and restless. 
During this time no change was made in the manner of feeding, 
and I was compelled to have ten or twelve destroyed before my em- 
ployer called in Mr. Wells, of Norwich. Mr. Crosse, surgeon, at 
Norwich, was also present, and assisted Mr. Wells in the examina- 
tion. By their advice, the remainder of the flock was exercised, 
and placed on a more limited diet. The first object was readily 
accomplished by driving them to a pond of clear water, and the 
second by withholding the brank meal and white peas from them. 
It was their opinion that the sheep were so highly fed, that they 
had become lethargic, and too lazy to void their urine, which, by 
accumulating in the bladder, favoured the deposition of much cal- 
careous matter. After the above change was made in the diet and 
exercise, only two sheep were slaughtered, and the rest remained 
unaffected. 
Mr. Morton, who is always eager to ascertain the real bearing 
of every point, communicated with Mr. Crosse on the subject that 
colicky pains were present, accompanied by irritative fever, great 
difficulty in voiding the urine, and loss of appetite. A post- 
mortem examination shewed extensive disease of the mucous coat 
of the bladder, and, that coat containing a considerable number of 
calcareous bodies, varying from the size of a millet seed to that of 
a large pea. They were sparkling in their appearance, but unat- 
