524 
GLANDERS. 
second, fetor ; and that of so peculiarly an offensive nature that 
often it, of itself, is sufficient to enable the veterinarian to pronounce 
on the case. Yellow, purulent, viscous, or glutinous discharges 
betoken either the acute or sub-acute form of glanders: in cases in 
which the disease, losing activity, degenerates into a chronic stage, 
the flux may continue from the first of a glairy or aqueo-mucous 
character, or it may turn like that of a nasal gleet, looking like so 
much whitening and water, and in that condition is not infre- 
quently seen grumous. On the other hand, when the disease runs 
its regular course in a longer or shorter space of time, accord- 
ing to varieties in it which I shall hereafter point out, the nasal 
fluxes — changing with the havoc the ulceration is making, first, in 
the membrane, and secondly on the bones and cartilages — become 
of a most disgustingly offensive nature, and, in their hue, change 
from yellow to green, or to dirty brown or leaden colour ; or exhibit 
streaks of blood; or bring away with them, every time the horse 
essays by blowing to clear his nose, masses of scab or exfoliated 
cartilage or bone ; thus denoting that the disease has reached its 
final stage, and that partial suffocation and consequent constitu- 
tional irritation must shortly put an end to the distressed animal’s 
sufferings. From this, which is the common succession of the dis- 
charges in acute and sub-acute cases, varieties in their appearance 
and quantity will occur, depending on the degree of the vascular or 
inflammatory action going on within the chambers of the nose — on 
the presence, extent, and depth of ulceration — on the medicinal 
treatment the patient may be subjected to, the regimen he is placed 
under, the atmosphere he is breathing, the exercise he is taking, 
&c. Bloody discharges, or rather blood tingeing the discharges, 
will, in the latter stages in particular, every now and then become 
apparent : when present, they augur either deep or extensive 
ulceration, or a disposition to ecchymosis, either from laxity of 
fibre, or some change in the condition of the blood ; and their 
appearance is always inauspicious, though I never, myself, saw 
blood lost to any but trifling amount. 
An Analysis of the Nasal Discharges has been made 
by Lassaigne. He finds them to consist of albumen, mucus , 
sub- carbonate of soda , chloruret of sodium, calcareous phosphate 
(trifling in quantity), and water ; the water making the largest 
proportion. In the normal state, the secretion of the Schneide- 
rian membrane contains the same matters, with the exception of 
the albumen, whose presence, in large proportion, keeps pretty 
nearly pace with the quantity of purulent matter. From this it 
would appear that the gluey or glutinous discharges owe their ad- 
hesive properties to the predominance of albumen in their com- 
position : they may, the same as purulent matter, issue out of the 
