GLANDERS. 
525 
follicles of the membrane ; though, in any considerable quantity, 
I believe they may invariably be regarded as the product of ulcer- 
ation. 
VASCULAR INJECTION or INFLAMMATION is ob- 
servable in all acute and in certain stages of sub-acute cases, 
upon the surface of the Schneiderian membrane ; though it is un- 
common to see any intense degree of inflammation. This mem- 
brane, which in health and under repose of body is of a pale flesh- 
colour, under exercise of a vermilion hue, in a state of disease 
often displays patchy blushes upon its septal surface, having a 
peculiar shiny aspect, produced by the slimy or glairy secretion 
coating the surface ; and we can generally perceive red vessels in 
places traversing its substance. Now and then, from the dis- 
charges adhering to it, the surface will present a patchiness of 
yellow intermingled with the shiny red. Should all signs of vas- 
cular action pass away, the disease, from an acute or a sub-acute 
running into a chronic form, the surface of the membrane will 
become pallid or acquire a leaden hue ; the ulcers, should there 
be any, at the same time undergoing the same process of de- 
florescence. 
The late Professor Coleman characterized the inflammation of 
glanders as specific. As regards its products, it certainly is so ; 
at the same time there is nothing in its aspect, abstractedly as 
inflammation, which can lead one to pronounce it affected with the 
inflammation of glanders. Were it not for the discharges, and, 
more than them, for the ulceration, we should probably discover 
no difference between glanderous and common inflammation. 
THICKENING is a change the inflamed membrane, from 
infiltration, quickly undergoes, and one that often continues ad- 
vancing, even after all appearances of inflammation have va- 
nished, so that in the end the membrane not only becomes greatly 
augmented in substance, but much altered in texture. These 
changes, hardly discoverable to the eye, from the small portion of 
membrane visible to us in the living animal, are exposed when we 
come to examine the head after death : we are then often astonished 
to find what a degree of thickness the membrane — in the nasal 
chambers, or in the sinuses, or in both — has attained through in- 
terstitial deposit or actual growth, something resembling the hyper- 
trophic changes exhibited by the uterus and its membranes during 
the process of pregnancy. In some cases — in the sinuses espe- 
cially, perhaps solely — such is the exuberance of the nutrient 
vessels of the membrane, that it sprouts or granulates upon the 
surface in some such manner as the conjunctive membrane of the 
eye — of man — is known to do in that peculiar human disease 
called granular conjunctiva. In cases in which the inflammatory 
