566 GANGRENOUS CORYZA IN THE OX. 
aggravated. Sometimes from the commencement of the disease, 
but usually on the second day, there is complete blindness, caused 
by the pain of the aqueous humour, which becomes of a milky hue. 
Sometimes the lucid cornea becomes opaque ; but this is very rare, 
and I have never seen it more than three times. The secretion of 
the nasal mucus is augmented — bloody streaks are mingled with 
the mucus — and erosions appear on the nasal membrane and on the 
muzzle. This latter is dry, hard, insensible, and burning. Some 
of the outer parts detach themselves — the pulse is small, hard, and 
frequent — the extremities approach each other — almost all the 
dorsal column is painful— the shiverings and convulsive motions of 
the face and chest are more frequent, and the stupor is increased. 
The patient grinds his teeth. If he takes any food, it usually re- 
mains in his mouth, which is full of a foetid and viscid saliva. The 
ears and horns become alternately hot and cold. 
From the fourth to the eighth day all the symptoms become more 
alarming. The nasal mucus, which continues to augment in quan- 
tity, acquires a corrosive property — the weeping is more consider- 
able — the stupor into which the animal has fallen is only broken 
by violent shocks of the whole body, which, nevertheless, dimin- 
ish in proportion as death advances. The pulse is scarcely dis- 
coverable. The animal lies down for hours together, then sud- 
denly rises, and remains for a longer or shorter period in a state 
of complete insensibility. The skin of the muzzle becomes de- 
tached at its edges and deprived of life, and occasionally falls off 
altogether and only leaves a large wound. The edges of the lips, 
particularly anteriorly, are ulcerated. These ulcers, which are also 
found on the tongue, appear to be occasioned by the matter which 
runs from the nostrils, and which the animals usually lick. The 
nasal membrane offers one large unhealthy wound, strewed with 
black livid patches; the ears, the horns, and the extremities 
become cold. All the strength seems to be perfectly annihilated — • 
the pulse is no longer perceptible — the rattling in the throat begins, 
and the animal, if he is up, falls, and dies after lowing and strug- 
gling for some minutes. Such is the usual course of this dis- 
ease. The animal seldom dies before the fourth day, and rarely 
lives to the twelfth ; and when I have seen oxen reach that period, 
I was convinced that the prolongation of their existence was en- 
tirely owing to the treatment, which seemed in these cases to abate 
the progress of the disease. 
The post-mortem examination shewed me but very little disorder of 
either of the abdominal or thoracial cavities. The intestines some- 
times offered traces of slight inflammation — the liver and the spleen 
did not appear to be quite so firm as they ought to be : indeed their 
