THE HISTORY OF GLANDERS. 703 
and settleth neere to the brain, and so venteth itself at the nose 
the cold gradually getting worse and ending in glanders*. 
SOLLEYSELL, 1669, a French writer of this period, of excellent 
repute, still considered glanders as related to catarrh, though he 
did not suffer himself to be misled by the difference of colour the 
nasal discharges assumed. Neither did he think — as those before 
him had imagined — that the discharges proceeded from the brain, 
but from the lungs, liver, and spleen. He thought glanders was 
“ caused and fermented by an ulcer in the lungs;” which, increas- 
ing, consumed those organs, and at length killed the horset. 
Lafosse, in 1749, presented to the (French) Royal Academy 
of Sciences “ A Memoir of the Glanders in Horses, relating 
to the SEAT of that Disease;}; wherein, after exposing the errors 
of those who had written before him, in supposing the viscera — the 
lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, &c. — to be the seat of the dis- 
ease, he informs the Academy that he had found the frontal and 
maxillary sinuses filled with matter, and “ the pituitary mem- 
brane inflamed ; and, consequently, much augmented in thick- 
ness,” and “ affected with sanious ulcers : which, in some cases, 
had corroded through the substance of it to the very bones. That, 
when horses discharged matter from both nostrils, both sides of the 
membrane were affected ; and that when they only ran at one nos- 
tril, that side only of the membrane was found distempered.” 
“ In like manner he (Lafosse) constantly observed an agreement 
between the obstruction of the sublingual glands, or glands under 
the jaws, and the affection of the aforesaid membrane ; that is to 
say, if one of these glands only was obstructed, then the horse dis- 
charged matter only by one of his nostrils ; but, on the contrary, 
if both the glands were affected, matter should be discharged from 
both nostrils.” — “ One may (therefore) reasonably conclude with 
M. Lafosse,” remark the Academicians, “ that the glanders does not 
depend upon a general distemper ature of the blood, but is really 
and truly A SIMPLE AND LOCAL MALADY.” 
In 1752, Lafosse presented the Royal Academy with “ A New 
Memoir,” “ improving and bringing to perfection his discovery.” 
Herein “ he distinguishes seven kinds of discharges which may 
come from the nostrils of horses.” — “ He, also, makes it evident that 
the true glanders has its characteristics, which essentially distin- 
guish it from every other disease that has been called by the same 
name.” — “ And, in order to prove that a great inflammation of the 
pituitary membrane is always the cause of glanders, he has at- 
* The Compleat Horseman and Expert Ferrier. By , 1740. In 
one place the author’s name appears as De Grey, in another as De la Grey 
t The Compleat Horseman: Hope’s Translation, second edition, 1717. 
J The Memoir is appended to his work, published two years after. 
