710 
THE HISTORY OF GLANDERS. 
superseded commonly by acute, sometimes by chronic glanders. 
Independently, however, of these practical observations, we have 
shewn their essential identity by direct experiment : we have 
produced farcy by inoculation with the poison of acute glanders, and 
acute glanders by inoculation with the matter of farcy : we do not 
always succeed, it is true, but one case proves as much as a 
thousand.” 
“ Chronic Glanders commonly affects but one side of the 
head : if, therefore, a discharge makes its appearance from one 
nostril alone, that of itself is strong presumptive evidence of the 
presence of this disease. This partial flux cannot come from the 
lungs, for, if it did, the other nostril would discharge too : it must 
have its issue from some part anterior to the larynx ; consequently 
it can have no other source but the membrane of the nose or that 
portion of it lining the sinuses. Should it come from the nose, 
the membrane, most likely, will have a redder aspect upon that 
side of the septum than upon the opposite, or there may be a 
disposition to, or actual ulceration. If the nasal discharge is con- 
siderable, and, at the same time, the animal to all appearance 
continues in the enjoyment of good constitutional health, such cir- 
cumstances should serve to strengthen your suspicions. People 
cannot conceive how it is a horse can have glanders so long as he 
eats and drinks, and does his work like one in perfect health ; this 
very fact, however, I repeat, is corroborative of an unfavourable 
prognosis. Another circumstance to be attended to is, that the 
nasal flux has little or no fetor ; offensiveness of breath is pretty 
certain evidence that glanders is not present : not but what pneu- 
monia and glanders may exist in the same subject, but, fetid breath 
commonly proceeding from the lungs, and this chronic discharge 
coming from the sinuses of the head, the one disease is not in any 
way necessarily connected with the other. In glanders, the nostrils 
are contracted and gummed with inspissated discharge ; but the 
flux is not offensive, or, at least, to the same degree as pulmonary 
fetor is. Again ; in glanders, generally speaking, there is, on the 
same side from which the discharge comes, a defined swelling of the 
submaxillary lymphatic glands, which is attached closely and im- 
moveably to the side of the jaw : if it is a tumour of considerable 
size, one that is diffused and extends inwardly, or one that is very 
moveable under the fingers, most likely it is not lymphatic, and 
therefore not connected with this disease. So far as my observa- 
tion has gone, no such glandular swelling happens in common 
inflammation.” 
“ In chronic glanders, then, the general health, appetite, spirits, 
&c. remain unimpaired. There is simply a discharge from one 
