722 
THE HISTORY OF GLANDERS. 
which, or by improper treatment, the system has been brought into 
an unhealthy state. When such changes as these take place, and 
the discharge and ulcerations become unhealthy, the disease with 
which the animal was before afflicted is now altered from its ori- 
ginal character; and, under these circumstances, the animal is usually 
considered to have become glandered or farcied. Glanders and 
farcy not only follow such diseases as have been just mentioned, 
but also appear sometimes in unhealthy and debilitated animals 
from over-exertion and other causes, and without being preceded 
by any of the former named diseases of a common inflammatory 
character : and this is occasioned by the system being reduced to 
an unhealthy state, from the same causes as those which, in more 
healthy and vigorous animals, would be found to produce strangles, 
common colds , inflammation of the lungs,” See. (pp. 12-13). In cases 
of glanders following colds, &c., Mr. Vines does not consider them, 
strictly speaking, as glanders, “ until the discharge or matter from 
the nostrils is capable of producing similar effects” & c. (p. 167). 
Mr. Vines makes a division of glanders according as it is confined 
to the head, or as the head and lungs are both diseased: — “ In order 
to enable those who may be disposed the better to comprehend the 
subject, I shall divide the symptoms which constitute glanders into 
two classes, beginning with those which are confined to the head.” 
Here follows “ Sect. I,” treating of “ Glanders when confined to the 
mucous membrane lining the nose and cavities of the head and, 
“ Sect. II,” “ Glanders, when the head and lungs are both dis- 
eased*.” 
Blaine has always “felt convinced of the specific nature of this 
affection (glanders), which, for variety in its mode of production, 
continuation, and termination, has no parallel ; and to which only 
we can attribute the unsettled state of the opinions concerning it, 
but which do nothing to unsettle its claim to the character of a 
direct and peculiar poison which can always beget its like, and its 
like only. If the matter of farcy and the matter of glanders could 
produce at one time grease or strangles, and at another mild catarrh, 
I might doubt,” says Mr. Blaine ; “ but when I find nothing but 
the same type of disease follow from the infection, I can only con- 
sider such an infection as one sui generis t.” 
Spooner, 1842, the able Editor of White, has, in one of his 
interpolatory paragraphs, favoured us with his own opinions on the 
nature of glanders “ These views (Dupuy’s) are deserving of 
great weight, but we cannot altogether coincide with them ; for, 
* A Practical Treatise on the most important Diseases incidental to 
Horses, more particularly Glanders and Farcv. By Richard Vines, V. S., 
&c., 1833. 
t Outlines of the Veterinary Art, fifth edition, 1841. 
