132 FURTHER INQUIRY INTO THE REASONS 
indistinctly manifested, even when tartarized antimony and 
other emetics are injected into the veins ; that pinching, 
strangulation of the intestine, and ligature of the pylorus, 
which so actively contribute to vomiting in carnivora, do not 
exert any efforts in solipedes. After making these admissions, 
which are strictly in accordance with facts, it cannot, I think, 
but be matter of astonishment that M. Colin should have placed 
the cardiac sphincter as the chief obstacle to vomiting in the 
horse. It certainly cannot operate as an obstacle when no 
attempt to vomit is made ; and as such attempt is, by M. 
Colin’s admission, extremely rare, it follows that the obstruc- 
tive operation of the cardiac sphincter can only come into 
operation in extremely rare cases. In the rule, the insus- 
ceptibility to emetic action must be the first and chief 
reason why no vomiting occurs ; in the rule, it must be the 
only reason, because mechanical conditions cannot oppose an 
act, which neither originates spontaneously, nor is by art 
induced. Comparing the stomach of a horse and of a dog in 
the body and on the dissecting-table, it is obvious that the 
mechanism of the latter must, from its shape and mode of 
construction, be more simple than the former; it is obvious 
that extrinsic pressure must produce greater results on the 
thin, simple, tube-like viscus of the flesh-eater, than on 
the thick, short, and pouched stomach of the great solipede ; 
but the latter, like the former, has provision for movement, 
and its construction involves no condition which can act as 
an impediment to any movement which its nervous affinities 
may stimulate. 
It is matter of regret that we do not know, from accurate 
observation and analysis, the exact anatomical and clinical 
conditions of the stomach and systems of horses who are 
said to have vomited. This might be the theme for a very 
interesting inquiry; in conducting which, especial care should 
be taken to determine what are the reasons of the frequent 
ruptures of the stomach in horses, and what relation those 
lesions hold to the act of vomition. 
I cannot conclude without expressing regret that this 
communication should have considerably exceeded the limits 
I anticipated. MM. Ercolani, Vella, and Colin, -with experi- 
ments and reasoning, combated an experimental memoir 
which I had published for the refutation of error ; I have 
freely analysed their statements, but l hope I have done so 
with all the candour and regard due to scientific inquirers, 
and to the development of interesting truth. 
Bibliographical references to the principal memoirs relating to the sub- 
ject of vomiting in the horse. Lamorier , Une memoire ou l’on donne les. 
