520 
MANAGEMENT OF DAIRY CATTLE. 
endeavoured to devise food for my milch cows, adapted to 
their maintenance and improvement, and with this view 
I have paid attention to the composition of milk. From 
several analyses I have selected one by Haidlen, which 
I find in publications of repute. Taking a full yield of milk, 
4 gallons per day, which will weigh upwards of 40 lbs., this 
analysis assigns to it of di’y material 5-20, of which the 
proportion, with sufficient accuracy for my purpose, ’^con- 
sists of — 
lbs. 
. 2-00 
. 125 
. 175 
. 0-09 
. Oil 
5-20 
It appeared an object of importance, and one which called for 
my particular attention, to afford an ample supply of the 
elements of food suited to the maintenance and likewise to 
the produce of the animal, and that, if I omitted to effect 
this, the result would be imperfect and satisfactory. By the 
use of ordinary farm produce only, I could not hope to 
accomplish my purpose. Turnips are objectionable on 
account of their flavour; and I seek to avoid them as food 
for dairy purposes. I use cabbages, kohl rabi, and mangold 
wurzel, yet only in moderate quantities. Of meadow hay it 
would require, beyond the amount necessary for the mainte- 
nance of the cow, an addition of fully 20 lbs. for the supply 
of casein in a full yield of milk (16 quarts) ; 40 lbs. for the 
supply of oil for the butter; whilst 9 lbs. seem adequate for 
that of the phosphoric acid. You cannot, then, induce 
a cow to consume the quantity of hay requisite for her 
maintenance, and for a full yield of milk of the quality 
instanced. Though it is a subject of controversy whether 
butter is wholly derived from vegetable oil, yet the peculiar 
adaptation of this oil to the purpose will, I think, be ad- 
mitted. I had, therefore, to seek assistance from what are 
usually termed artificial feeding substances, and to select 
such as are rich in albumen, oil, and phosphoric acid ; and I 
was bound also to pay regard to their comparative cost, 
with a view to profit, which, when farming is followed as 
a business, is a necessary, and in any circumstances an 
agreeable accompaniment. 
I think it will be found that substances peculiarly rich in 
Pure casein . 
Butter 
Sugar 
Phosphate of lime 
Chloride of potassium 
And other mineral ingredients 
