THE EPIDEMIC IN BERBICE. 
201 
The most striking external symptom was observed on the anus, 
which was slightly swollen, everted out, and covered with blood. 
The cow had no swellings of any kind about the hide. The udder 
was perfectly healthy, and full of milk ; the heart healthy in 
colour and structure, and both ventricles empty ; the lungs healthy, 
but gorged with blood. 
The peritoneal coverings presented no uncommon appearance. 
The liver and spleen were perfectly healthy in structure and colour, 
and the gall-bladder full of good green gall. 
The stomach in all its chambers contained a large quantity (say 
two bucketfuls) of food, in all the various stages of digestion. 
The coats of the stomach did not present any thing peculiar. They 
appeared healthy. 
On opening the intestines, the upper half of the small ones 
was filled with blackish viscid blood of a tarry appearance, which 
was also found in the lower half and in the large intestines, with 
this difference, however, that it was of the consistency of pap, and 
resembling iron-stone in colour. It was evidently of the same 
colour and consistency as the dung of the same cow in the pro- 
prietor’s yard. The large intestines were distended, not so the 
small. There was no thickening or softening of the mucous 
membrane. 
The small intestines presented throughout excessive stellated 
hypersemia with numerous petechise — indeed, they were fully as red 
as a soldier’s coat. Brunner’s glands were enlarged and hardened. 
In the thick intestines the stellated hyperaemia somewhat decreased 
in intensity and intermixed with patches of arborisation, while the 
petechise considerably increased in number. Here the enlarged 
solitary glands presented small round bleeding ulcers. 
The urinary organs and the uterus were accompanied by no mor- 
bid appearance. 
The above described post-mortem examination gives us evident 
proof that the primary seat of the disease was the intestinal tube 
from the stomach to the rectum, the latter being almost free from 
any morbid appearance for some six or eight inches at its end. Two 
subsequent examinations of cows affected with the disease and of 
a mule, performed on the 30th and 31st of December, have given 
me the same result, and corroborate my opinion of the nature of the 
disease. They have presented the same morbid appearances, with 
the exception that in one case several oedematous risings on the 
hide about the chest have been observed. 
The character of the morbid appearance is strikingly “ inflam- 
matory.” 
It is true that petechia? and effusion of blood are the chief symptoms 
