ON INFLAMMATORY FEVER IN CATTLE. 
569 
fevers, apoplexy, epistaxis, and other forms of haemorrhage, to con- 
firm the probability that a cause, if not the proximate one, is to be 
found in the blood itself. There are other diseases, the exciting 
causes of which are immediately associated with variations in the 
quality of the blood ; for instance, chlorosis in the human female; 
and albuminuria both in the human being and lower animals. Ple- 
thoric animals can scarcely be said to be more frequently affected 
with purely inflammatory diseases than those in robust health yet 
in leaner condition. They are, however, as just stated, more 
subject to hemorrhagic and congestive diseases, while the systems 
may frequently appropriately be said to be in a state of continued 
fever, independently of the special varieties of fever to which they 
are liable. 
There are some pathologists, human and veterinary, who go far 
towards asserting that fever does not exist as a distinct affection:, 
but is merely symptomatic of inflammation; and what they conceive 
powerful evidence in support of this is, the fact, that, in animals 
dying of fever, traces of inflammation in the internal organs are 
frequently visible, and often to a great extent. Due allowance, 
however, does not seem to have been made by such for the pos- 
sibility of these appearances being due to other causes than inflam- 
matory action. There is also the fact, that some cases of fever 
terminate fatally, in the human subject for instance, in which 
appearances of inflammation cannot be discovered after death. 
Without entering too far into the general question, or denying that 
inflammation and fever can be co-existent, I think it fair to infer, 
that there is sufficient in the symptoms of fever and inflammation 
during life, and the constitutions for which each manifests the 
greatest preference, to shew that they may and frequently do exist 
as distinct affections. Instead of post-mortem appearances tending 
to throw doubt on such a conclusion, I believe a careful consideration 
of their nature will tend more than any other circumstance to con- 
firm it. In the human subject, where fever frequently assumes a 
fatal character, the internal organs are often found after death to 
present apparent inflammatory appearances involving in the same 
subject considerable portions of the thoracic and abdominal viscera, 
not uncommonly the contents of the cranial cavity also; still the 
symptoms of disease during life in such instances as these are 
merely those of some ordinary fever, and not of that decided 
pathognomonic character indicating the apparent inflammation dis- 
played on post-mortem investigation. Not only, however, does 
this appearance present itself internally ; but it is very commonly 
recognized in the form of petechise in the skin, one of the most 
vascular tissues of the body. Seeing, then, that such are frequently 
the post-mortem appearances presented in cases of fever, which 
