620 
EFFECTS OF MEDICINE ON HORSES. 
penis was simply divided, and no cautery at all applied, or ligature 
either. I consider the operation simple in itself, and may be sim- 
ply performed, when requisite. I have, in several instances, slit 
up the urethra to the extent of three-quarters of an inch ; but I 
believe it does more harm than good, for thereby the horse is apt 
to scatter his urine over him, which is likely to excoriate the 
integument. 
It may be said, why did I not castrate him at the same 
time! but that the owner objected to. If you should deem these 
few remarks worthy a place in your Journal, they are at your 
disposal. 
EFFECTS OF MEDICINE ON FIORSES. 
By W. Percivall, M.jR.C.S. 
Cinchona Bark — Quinine. 
Bark is on occasions given to horses, either as a tonic or an 
astringent. In man, cinchona is known to create and improve 
the appetite, aid the operations of digestion, and give strength 
to those of the vascular system ; and to horses, now and then, it is 
exhibited, oftener by some veterinary practitioners than by others, 
with similar views. Large quantities of bark have been likewise 
given by my father and other veterinary surgeons in glanderous 
affections, but without any discoverable benefit. I have some- 
times given bark in malt liquor, or porter, to horses debilitated by 
previous disease, and with manifest advantage. I have also oc- 
casionally used bark — either by itself or in combination with 
opium — as an astringent in certain stages of diarrhoea. 
Quinine I have likewise prescribed, in drachm doses, twice or 
thrice a-day ; but with no perceptible advantage over bark, that I 
could discover : added to which, its comparatively high price is an 
objection to its coming into any thing like general use. 
Cayenne Pepper*. 
Cubeb Pepper*. 
* For accounts of the effects of these peppers, and for the doses in which 
they have been given to horses, see the author’s “ Hippopathology,” vol. iii, 
section xviii, p. 341. 
