PROGRESS OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ART. 523 
movements of the limbs, with dilated pupils, and the beats of 
the heart becoming gradually more and more imperceptible 
till they altogether ceased. 
Post-mortem examination , fifteen hours after death . - — The 
abdomen contains almost four gallons of clotted blood, the 
intestines are pale, and the mesenteric veins empty. 
On exposing the liver, the posterior part of the right lobe 
is found presenting a violet colour, and is enlarged. On the 
anterior surface of the same lobe, transversely from one border 
to the other, is a slit in Glisson’s capsule, and within the slit 
are dark blood-clots adhering to the hepatic structure. On 
the inferior portion of the right, and in the middle lobe, the 
blood-clots are situated between the capsule and gland 
substance. — Journ. de Med. Vet.de Lyon, June and July, 1855. 
In a note appended to the above case it is said that ruptures 
of the liver are rare, the one just related being the only one 
observed in the School of Lyons during fifteen years ; that 
veterinary journals contain few records of such instances — 
Hurtrel d’Arboval has collected them, and enumerates five ; 
that there is no pathognomonic sign of the affection ; and 
lastly, that the diagnosis during life can only go so far as 
determining the existence of internal hemorrhage without 
indicating its exact seat. 
Percivall, in his 4 Hippopathology,’ speaks of two con- 
ditions in which the liver may be ruptured. “ A state of 
congestion, gorged with blood; and a pale, clay-coloured, 
softened, disorganized, fragile condition of it.” 
An essay on hemorrhage of the liver is published in the 
4 Veterinary Records’ of the late John Field, under the title 
of Hepatirrhoea ; it is, says Field, invariably the result of 
structural disorganization, which is only recognised after 
“passive hemorrhage,” the effect of the destruction of the 
parenchyma, and the rupture or relaxation of the vessels. 
This organic disease of the liver is looked upon by Mr. 
Field as peculiar to the horse, but D’Arboval mentions a case 
observed by Dupuy in the dog. 
As the result of an idiopathic disease of the liver, hemor- 
rhage from this organ occurs mostly in the horse, and Mr. 
Field looks for an explanation to this fact in the quantity of 
labour the horse has to perform, and the rapidity with which 
he does it. 
The term Hepatirrhoea , or, according to Kraus, Hepatorrhoea , 
that has been adopted by Mr. Field, is an improper one, for 
the disease in question, as used in the same sense as fluxus 
hepaticus , by pathologists, to indicate the copious ejection of 
almost pure bile during defecation. True hepatirrhoea de- 
