SANGUINEOUS APOPLEXY. 
175 
the blood effused through the living tissues separate themselves. 
On one side the fibrine, mingled with cruor, presents itself under 
the form of clots of a more or less deep red ; on the other, the 
serum forms an infiltration through the cellular substance ; lastly, 
the colouring matter, or hematosine, imbues the tissues, and gives to 
them that violet hue which is apparent both before and after death, 
and which colour has, doubtless, been the cause of the mistaken 
notions entertained as to the nature of this disease. 
In order to make myself clearly understood on this point, I shall 
here observe that, to me, sanguineous congestion in sheep presents 
itself under two apparently distinct forms : although it is identical 
in its nature it always arises from a plethoric state, and presents no 
difference to the eye of the observer until the hemorrhagical effort 
makes an irruption into the internal organs only, or the subcu- 
taneous tissues, or internally and externally at the same time. 
These gangrenous tumours covered or surrounded with phlyc- 
tense have never, to my knowledge, been met with in animals af- 
fected with disease of the blood ; nor are any gangrenous lesions, 
properly so called, and arising essentially from that disease, ever 
found on post-mortem examination. 
That species of gangrene which is often seen on the womb of the 
ewe that has miscarried is, in my opinion, simply the result of ex- 
cessive inflammation of that organ, or rather, of a putrefaction in- 
duced by the parching contact of the air with the blood. In typhoid 
and putrid fevers, on the contrary, all the essentially vascular or- 
gans are rapidly gangrened, either from the presence of some 
morbific principle in them, or from the asthenic effusion of blood 
vitiated by a virulent element. 
After these reflexions, are we not authorized to conclude that, in 
this disease, the escape of the blood from its natural conduits is 
caused, first, by the vessels being too full ; secondly, by the blood 
being so rich as to render its course through them difficult ; third 
and lastly, by the impulsive power of the centre of circulation. 
If we now recall to mind that in this affection, besides the gorged 
state of the vessels, there is an increase in the power of aggregat- 
ing the constituent elements of the blood, all idea of a typhoid 
disease will be entirely rejected. 
Causes of the Disease . — From my numerous observations I am 
enabled to state these in the least doubtful manner. 
1st. That sanguineous apoplectic congestion, in both its varieties, 
may shew itself in a sporadic, enzootic, and epizootic form, in all 
localities, at all seasons, in the open air or in the fold, but chiefly 
at pasturage, and in winters that succeed to dry, hot summers. 
2d. That it is much more fatal in places where the soil consists 
of a marly clay, or a ferruginous sand, and is naturally dry ; where 
