486 
VETERINARY OBSTETRIC Y. 
stage, have, perhaps, little notion of how much may be effected 
in the way of cure by blood-letting, the horse being the while 
kept at rest. It might, indeed, be argued that the rest does the 
good. Be this the case or not, all I can say is, that, aided by 
strict quietude, T have found venesection of essential service in the 
incipient forms of spavin lameness. At the same time I am fully 
of opinion that any amendment we may have obtained by such 
means is rendered permanent — when perhaps it would prove but 
temporary — by following up the blood-letting by counter-irritation. 
I would not counsel any person, whose spavined horse has been 
relieved or cured by such means as local blood-letting, and physic, 
and rest, to put that horse to work again until he had undergone 
a pretty severe course of counter-irritative treatment — in the form 
of blistering, or firing, or setoning, &c., as the case may seem to 
require. 
Although recent cases of spavin are in general relievable, if 
not curable, by blood-letting and rest, experience has taught that 
others, in advanced stages of the disease, and which unfortunately 
constitute by a great deal the majority of the cases brought before 
us in private practice, rarely obtain much, if any, relief from re- 
medies so mild and transitory in their operation. Still, ’when there 
exists any sign or indication of inflammatory action in the diseased 
joint — when lameness is of that painful nature, that, for the sake 
of mitigating the animal’s suffering at least, the soothing and not 
the irritating plan of treatment is manifestly called for — blood- 
letting, with physic and fomentation, & c. ought to be had recourse 
to, and will prove the best preparatives for any counter-irritant 
treatment intended to come afterwards. 
VETERINARY OBSTETRICY. 
Vaginal Cystocele, or Inversion of the Bladder. 
By Mr. W. A. CARTWRIGHT, M.R.C. V.S., Whitchurch, Salop. 
[Continued from p. 141.] 
HAVING taken into consideration the various false presentations 
which occur in our practice, I shall now enter upon other occa- 
sional obstructions to the extraction of the foetus, and my present 
paper will be on INVERSION OF THE BLADDER. 
Vaginal cystocele, inversion or protrusion of the bladder, is an 
accident of very rare occurrence, indeed; so much so, that one of 
our most celebrated authors, Mr. Youatt, has asserted that the blad- 
der can never, when inverted, be returned to its natural situation. 
