570 
COMPTE RENDU OF THE 
the former than in the latter. On the other hand, there are simple 
catarrhal affections characterised by discharge from one side only. 
20. The discharge of chronic glanders is not always similar in 
character. Much depends upon the state of plenitude of the sinus 
from which it emanates. 
The most pathognomonic characteristic of the discharge of gland- 
ers is the flux of a dirty filmy serosity from the nostril, in the midst 
of which greenish clots are found held in suspension. When the 
sinuses are full, the matter discharged is thick, flaky, clings about 
the surface of the nasal opening, and often exhales a faint odour. 
21. All three of the distinctive symptoms, viz. the discharge, 
the ulceration, and the glandular tumefaction, are by no means ne- 
cessary to enable us to recognise the existence of glanders. The 
presence of either one of them is quite sufficient to constitute a 
positive diagnostic. 
22. That which is vulgarly regarded as weakness , and which is 
improperly called sarcocele , being better designated epididymitis, 
or orchitis, complex inflammation, in fact, of the testicle, and more 
frequently of the epididymis and of the vaginal sheath, is a 
symptom so generally accompanying glanderous affections, that it 
may be inquired if it be not pathognomonic of this disease. In fact, 
after the incubative fever, it frequently constitutes the sole indica- 
tive of glanders, of which it is the precursor, as well as of the nasal 
eruption, of some weeks, often of some months. 
Inflammation of the testicle, of its appendages, and of its en- 
velops, attended with formation of pus, as in glanderous orchitis , 
may appear without specific cause : but what are the characteristics 
which distinguish the one from the other 1 
The incubative fever is a certain sign of difference from nature, 
but the disease is frequently not noticed until it has become defi- 
nitely established. In this case it may be permitted to doubt, at 
least, that the co-existence of the symptoms on the side of the nose 
and the cutaneous surface with uncertain sarcocele will cause the 
indecision to disappear before the specific characters which it brings 
to light. In all cases the existence of orchitis and of epididymitis 
is so frequently connected with glanders, that it may be considered 
as a sign of dangerous import. 
23. The contagiousness of chronic glanders, if it always exists 
when the disease has attained the state of chronicity, as many 
conscientious observers affirm that it does ; the contagiousness of 
chronic glanders, we repeat, can only be demonstrated by exami- 
nation*. 
* During the course of the present year we have caused more than twenty 
healthy horses, purchased for the purpose of experiment, to cohabit with 
glandered horses in the stables called the Haras, whither these latter are 
