574 
COMPTE RENDU OF THE 
Internal symptoms . — Absence of respiratory murmur on one 
or both sides, and almost constantly at the inferior part ; whistling 
or tubular sound in the inferior half of the middle part of the lungs 
when the pneumonia exceeds the level of the larger bronchial 
divisions ; — confinement of sound to the bronchial trunk, whence 
it is emitted at the nostrils ; — humid crepitus audible above the 
hissing sound within the vicinity of the inflammation ; — supple- 
mentary respiratory murmur in the sound parts of the lungs, and 
always more intense over the diseased portions ; — resonance pro- 
ducible in the thoracic cavity by percussion, on a level with the 
healthy parts; corresponding dulness of sound in the diseased parts. 
3. The tottering and automaton-like gait shews how much the 
powers are oppressed. It sometimes causes pneumonia at its com- 
mencement to be confounded with founder. The prostration, in- 
sensibility, hanging back at the very end of the halter, and want 
of appetite, invariably commence at the approach of the disease; 
nevertheless, these signs are occasionally wanting in large entire 
horses, of a naturally lively and excitable constitution, and such will 
not unfrequently continue, by neighing, to give signs of health, 
notwithstanding the existence of considerable pneumonia. 
The increase in the number of respirations is always in ratio 
with the extent to which the lungs are ravaged by the inflamma- 
tion ; and in this case the chronometer affords an excellent means 
of estimating the magnitude of the pulmonary lesion. 
The groan (la plainte) is pathognomonic of pneumonia, and may 
serve to distinguish it from pleuris}\ There is often no cough in 
pneumonia : although, however, not an absolute characteristic of 
the disease, its presence in conjunction with other and more marked 
symptoms serves to render the diagnosis clearer. 
The pulse in pneumonia especially guides us through its thera- 
peutic indications. Where it is strong, bleeding is indicated; 
nor does a weak pulse always counter-indicate such abstraction, 
especially when it has this character at the commencement of the 
disease. In this case the weakness is more apparent than real ; 
it results from the pulmonary circulation being impeded, and from 
an oppression of the general powers. A well-timed and repeated 
bleeding will frequently relieve an oppressed pulse. 
The yellow saffron-like hue of the red and injected conjunctiva 
is very characteristic of pneumonia. This tint probably shews the 
imperfect assimilation of the chyle. 
The yellow, serous, and slightly bloody discharge does not belong 
to pneumonia. It evidently denotes a sanguineous stagnation in 
the pulmonary capillaries, and filtration into the pulmonary vesicules 
through their parietes, of a serosity which, in being separated from 
the blood, carries with it some red globules. The abundance of this 
