MISCELLANEA. 
659 
a calf from being carried with its head hanging down. If calves 
were placed in the cart with their heads loose, they would injure 
themselves; if placed in the cart standing, with their legs at 
liberty, they would smother each other. Witness and witness’s 
father had brought calves to market, and had always carried them 
with their legs tied and their heads hanging down, and was con- 
vinced that this was the safest, the kindest, and most merciful way 
of carrying calves. 
Cross-examined by Mr. Thomas. — He had never known calves 
to die in the cart in consequence of being carried with their heads 
hanging down. The calves did not usually become insensible on 
their way to market, owing to the position in which they were 
placed. A cart invented by the society had been tried, and 
found not to answer. Did not know whether farmers had taken a 
prejudice against the cart and refused to use it. 
Re-examined. — The man who drove the society’s cart said, the 
calves could not be kept in it ; they were slipping out of the cart 
constantly. 
By Mr. Thomas. — Had known the legs of calves to be cut 
through to the bone by the time they arrived at market, in conse- 
quence of being tied too tight. Had not known an instance of 
this sort for two years, since the new fastening for them had come 
into operation. 
William Kirby, calf-dealer, said he was with the defendant in 
the cart, in which was fifteen calves, with three placed so as to have 
their heads hanging over. It was necessary to take such a step 
with three of the animals, otherwise these calves, which had recently 
been taken from their mothers, would have knocked their heads to 
pieces. Recollected the witness Allen coming up to them, and 
saying they were two cowardly fellows, and if they would get out 
of the cart and take off their clothes, he would fight them one 
after the other. Witness said he was no fighting man. Witness 
was certain that calves could not be carried to market in a more 
kind and merciful way than the way adopted by the defendant, 
which was the usual way of carrying such animals. 
By Mr. Thomas. — There were only two calves with their heads 
hanging down ; there were nine calves in the bed of the cart, but 
they did not require to be carried in the same way, as they 
had been tied before. Had never known an instance of a calf 
carried with its head down dying on the road. Calves carried 
this way for forty miles, when untied, would run about fresh, and 
none the worse for their journey. 
Mr. Duncombe said he had other witnesses, who would prove 
the same facts; but he thought it was unnecessary to call them. 
