38 AN ESSAY ON CHRONIC PODOTllOCHOLITIS. 
much to the English, the therapeucy of this affection is even more 
indebted to them, they having suggested and applied various means 
of cure, the principal of which deserve to be mentioned. 
Turner has devised two modes of treatment: the one is under- 
taken with a view to obtain a resolution of the inflammation ; 
the other, to prevent the compression of the navicular bone. The 
following is an account of his mode of proceeding. “ The horny sole to 
be pared till small specks of blood begin to appear at every part ; the 
bars to be entirely removed, and the channels or commissures 
between the bars and the frog to be excavated with a narrow 
drawing-knife to the quick, from end to end ; the projecting part 
of the crust, which forms the ground surface, to be somewhat 
levelled with the rasp from toe to heels ; but the shortening of the 
toe and lowering of the heels to be deferred till another stage of 
treatment.” The hoof having been thus prepared, he takes blood 
( locally ) from the toe of the foot “ until the system is affected gene- 
rally.” This is followed by “ the entire removal of crust or wall at 
the inside heel, and of the bar adjoining.” The hoof is afterwards 
shod with a bar-shoe “ bearing on the outside quarter, and slightly 
on the frog.” And now the whole foot is enveloped in a cold 
emollient poultice. Internally, Turner administers the half of a 
physic ball, and then has the animal put into a loose box. On the 
following day the cold poultice is replaced by a warm one of a 
similar nature, which is renewed every day. On the third or 
fourth day the horse is walked about; on the fifth or sixth the shoe 
is taken off, and, if the wound whence the blood was taken is cica- 
trized, the local bleeding is repeated on the outer side of the toe. 
Before performing this bleeding, however, Turner lowers the toe 
and the quarter until only just enough is left to admit of the shoe 
being put on : the half-dose of physic is repeated, the animal is 
allowed two or three days* rest, and then again exercised. A week 
after the second bleeding an ointment of tar*and lard is applied to 
the sole, and the emollient poultices still continued to the crust. The 
toe is shortened every fourteen days in such a way as to develop 
its sensibility, without however approaching the soft parts immedi- 
ately below the horn too closely. Turner’s intention in acting 
thus is to compel the horse to throw more weight upon the navi- 
cular bone, to cause depression, and to favour the dilatation of the 
quarters. When he meets with a desperate case, he allows the 
quarters to grow in order to diminish the pain, and so to render the 
horse still capable of some kind of work. In order to relieve the 
navicular bone of some of the weight thrown upon it, he transfers 
that weight to the toe, by putting on a shoe with thick heels or 
calkins. 
1 do not consider it necessary to prove, by demonstration, that 
