118 
MISCELLANEA. 
creas has the same form. It differed only in colour, the pancreas 
being inclined to white, and the spleen of a blackish red. 
The intestines were all alike in substance and thickness. 
There was not any coscum. 
The bladder was usually an inch and a half in length, and an 
inch broad. 
The lungs had five lobes, three of a middle size at the right 
side, and two on the left, one of which was greater, and the other 
less, than all the rest. The heart was almost round. The right 
auricle was red, or almost black ; the left rather white. 
The globe of the eye did not exceed two lines in diameter. It 
had an internal eyelid. Of the three humours of the eye, the 
crystalline alone appeared, without the aqueous or vitreous humour. 
The retina seemed to touch the crystalline, and, as it were, adhere 
to it on that side towards the bottom of the eye, as the cornea 
covered and touched it before. The uvea was black without the 
tapetnm. It did not, likewise, make any fold on the fore-part to 
form the iris, so that the eye, when the lids were opened, appeared 
quite black. 
Castration. 
Castration has a strange effect. It emasculates man, beast, 
and bird, and brings them to a near resemblance to the other 
sex. Eunuchs have smooth, beardless chins and squeaking voices. 
Wethers have small horns like ewes, and oxen large bent horns 
and hoarse voices when they low, like cows ; but bulls have short 
straight horns, and though they mutter and grumble in a deep tre- 
mulous tone, yet they low in a shrill high key. Capons have 
small combs and gills, and look like pullets about the head : they 
also walk without any parade, and hoter over the chickens like 
hens. Barrow-hogs have also small tusks, like sows. 
Mr. Lisle, among his boars, had one so fierce that, in order to 
prevent mischief, orders were given for his tusks to be broken off. 
No sooner had the beast suffered this injury, than his powers for- 
sook him, and he neglected those females to whom before he was 
passionately attached, and from whom no fences could restrain him. 
The natural term of a hog’s life is little known, and the reason 
is plain, — because it is neither profitable nor convenient to keep 
that turbulent animal to the full extent of his time. However, 
a gentleman, a man of substance, who had [no occasion to study 
every little advantage to a nicety, kept a hand-bred Bantam sow, 
who was as thick as she was long, and whose belly swept on the 
ground, until she had advanced to her seventeenth year, at which 
period she shewed some tokens of age by the decay of her teeth 
and the decline of her fertility. 
