ON THE DISEASES OF THE HORSES IN CANADA. 379 
On inspection, I found the entire uterus inverted, with its mucous 
membrane severely lacerated, and in many places torn off. 
Seeing no chance of returning it, I at once suggested that the 
ligature should be pat into practice; to which the owner consented. 
The ligature was applied as far forward within the vagina as con- 
venient, including the ovaries ; and then, with a sharp knife, the 
whole of the protruded uterus was removed. The animal sickened 
for a few days; then her appetite returned, and she went on well, 
suckling her pigs for about eight weeks. They were then taken 
off, and she was sold for fattening. 
ON THE DISEASES OF THE HORSES IN CANADA; 
In a Letter from Mr. CHARLES PERCIVALL, Veterinary Surgeon , 
Royal Artillery, now stationed at Montreal, to Mr. WILLIAM 
PERCIVALL. 
Montreal, Lower Canada, April 20, 1847. 
My dear William, — I n giving you, on a former occasion, an ac- 
count of the horses in Canada, I promised, on a future one, to let 
you know something about the diseases with which they are 
affected. In now carrying my promise into effect, I will in the 
first place make mention of such as are indigenous or peculiar to 
the country, and afterwards speak of those to which horses here 
are liable in common with horses elsewhere ; and, in doing this, 
point to such as are of most or least frequent occurrence. Not- 
withstanding the vicissitudes of temperature, varying from 100 in 
summer to 30 below zero in winter, with frequently a difference of 
45 or 50 degrees in the course of a few hours, the climate of Ca- 
nada is, on the whole, favourable to horses ; a circumstance pro- 
bably attributable to the dryness of the atmosphere. 
Goitre, or Bronchocele. 
This disease, so rarely seen in England, is one to which the 
horses of Canada are especially subject, and more so in this 
part of the country than in the Upper Province, as I shall shew 
hereafter. The thyroid glands are not unfrequently seen as 
large as a goose’s egg, without the animals suffering any ap- 
parent inconvenience, and therefore it is that they seldom un- 
dergo any treatment for such swellings. I have under my charge 
a great many horses with the glands in this state of hypertrophy, 
which have increased in size every winter since they came under 
