528 PROGRESS OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ART. 
These are the discoveries of importance to us as verterinary 
surgeons ; they acquaint us of the true nature of certain 
diseases, and suggest to us the means of cure. Thus, each 
head of the ccenurus from the brains of giddy sheep, if 
swallowed by a dog becomes an independent tapeworm, 
which bears a striking resemblance with the long-known 
taenia serrata of the dog. The echinococcus veterinorum 
(which I have met in several instances, invading to an 
enormous extent the internal organs of horse and cattle) 
developes into a small taenia with only three serrations, only 
the last one of which bears eggs. This form was not known 
before Kiichenmeister’s experiments. 
Kiichenmeister reversed the above experiments, and thus 
more strikingly proved the relationship between these 
different forms of the same animals. Thus, the taenia 
crassicollis, or its eggs, given to a family of white mice, which 
he had in his possession, produced the hydatids in their 
livers. Just the same happened by causing lambs to 
swallow the taenia serrata of the dog ; after fifteen days had 
elapsed, violent symptoms of gid supervened, and the 
hydatids, in process of growth, were found in their brains. 
This experiment, first made on the 26th of July, 1853, has 
been since confirmed by other zoologists. 
Dr. Allen Thomson has given us an excellent summary of 
Von Siebold’s experiments, wdiich I transcribe, inasmuch 
as it embodies most of what has been done even since. 
First series * — 'Ten young dogs were fed with the cysti- 
cercus pisiformis from the rabbit, and being killed and 
opened at different successive periods afterwards, the 
gradual progress of the conversion of the cysticerci into 
taeniae was carefully observed in their intestines. It appeared 
that, by the action of the gastric fluid in digestion, first the 
cyst, and then the caudal vesicles of the cysticercus were 
dissolved in the dogs’ stomach ; but the head and neck, 
resisting entirely the solvent action, passed into the duodenum. 
Here they soon became attached to the mucous membrane ; 
and after a short interval of only two or three days they 
were seen to enlarge, the head and neck undergoing little 
change, but the body elongating, and very soon the 
transverse grooves appearing, which afterwards becoming 
more marked, divide the body into its segments. In less 
than two months these taeniae had attained the length of ten 
and twelve inches, and in three months they were from 
twenty to thirty inches long, and the reproductive organs 
were fully developed in the last or caudal joints, which now 
began to separate as the proglottides. 
