582 USE OF THE CANNABIS INDICA IN TETANUS. 
a powerful medicine and a desired indulgence. In Southern 
Africa the Hottentots use it under the name of dacha , for 
purposes of intoxication ; and when the Bushmen were in 
London, they smoked the dried plant in short pipes made of 
the tusks or teeth of animals. 
Effects of Hemp on the system . — This wide use of the 
plant implies that the effects of hemp upon the system are 
generally very agreeable. In India it is spoken of as the 
increaser of pleasure, the exciter of desire, the cementer of 
friendship, the laughter-mover, and the causer of the reeling 
gait, — all epithets indicative of its peculiar effects. Linnaeus 
describes its power as “narcotica, phantastica, dementens, 
anodyna et repellens.” 
The effects of the churrus or natural resin have been care- 
fully studied in India by Dr. O’Shaughnessy. He states that 
when taken in moderation it produces increase of appetite 
and great mental cheerfulness, while in excess it causes a 
peculiar kind of delirium and catalepsy. 
This extraordinary influence he subsequently found to be 
exercised by the hemp extract upon other animals as w T ell as 
upon man. After a time it passes off entirely, leaving the 
patient altogether uninjured. 
Among orientals, according to Dr. Moreau, there are some 
on v'hom the drug produces no effect whatever — upon whom, 
at least, doses are powerless which are usually followed by 
w ell-marked phenomena. As is the case w ith opium, long use 
also makes larger doses necessary. To some even a drachm 
of the churrus becomes a moderate dose, though sufficient to 
operate upon tw r enty ordinary men. 
Hemp compared with Opium . — The extract of hemp differs 
considerably from opium, not only in its sensible properties, 
but in its effects upon the system. It does not lessen but 
rather excites the appetite. It does not occasion nausea, dry- 
ness of the tongue, constipation, or lessening of the secretions, 
and is not usually followed by that melancholy state of de- 
pression to w r hich the opium eater is subject. It differs also 
in causing dilatation of the pupil, and sometimes catalepsy, 
in stilling pain less than opium does, in less constantly pro- 
ducing sleep, in the peculiar inebriating quality it possesses, 
in the phantasmata it awakens, and in its aphrodisiac effects. 
It operates likewise in a smaller dose, and does not produce 
that apathy to external impressions by which opium is cha- 
racterised.”] 
