646 PROGRESS OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ART. 
municate with the cranial cavity, and in fact that it was a 
case of congenital hydrocephalus. 
The animal was unable to stand, though its limbs were 
well formed ; lying down, it chiefly held its head somewhat 
reclining backwards, and the hairy bag above hung a little 
sideways. It would drink milk out of a tub, provided 
a finger was placed in its mouth as is usual in teaching these 
animals to drink. Either in this way, or by drenching, 4 lb. 
of fresh milk were consumed daily, and the animal lived on. 
On the 1 1th of November, Hering discharged the contents of 
the head with a small trochar, and obtained 15 ounces of 
dull-reddish serum, producing no change whatever in the 
general state. 
On the 13th of November, cramps appeared, nourishment 
was refused, and the calf was therefore killed by bleeding. 
It was found that the viscera of the abdomen and chest 
were healthy ; the tumour on the head consisted of skin 
covered with thick and woolly hair, and within was a con- 
siderable layer of loose, spongy, cellular tissue; it had a 
fibrous lining, partly smooth, and in part beset by irregular 
granulations. The sack contained 3 J ounces and of dull 
serum, as was obtained by operation, and in it shreds of 
organized lymph were floating. Situated a little on the 
mesian line of the forehead, w as an aperture admitting the 
little finger, which was readily passed into the cranial cavity. 
The aperture on the dried head measured nine lines in dia- 
meter, and through it there w^as a communication between 
the external sac and the cavity of the brain. 
On opening the cranial cavity the thickened pia mater 
which passed through the aperture is traced to the fourth 
ventricle, and where the cerebellum should have existed were 
found prolongations of this membrane. The cerebellum itself 
w as entirely absent, as well as its middle and posterior crura. 
The cerebrum was normally developed, as also all parts at the 
base, the origins of the nerves, &c. The pons varolii is faintly 
delineated, though perceptible at the juncture of the sixth 
pair. The crura cerebri w ere larger than natural. The w ? hole 
brain weighed about three ounces. 
The question presented itself, whether the cerebellum had 
ever existed, or w hether it had begun to be developed, and 
then disappeared ? Hering thinks evidence is in favour of 
the latter. Dropsy of the brain, occurring at an early state, 
as is proved by the round aperture in the skull having a thick 
margin, and the thickened state of the dura mater contributing 
to form the outer sack, a prolapsus of the cerebellum probably 
ensued, w hich, as the skull closed, became detached and w r asted. 
