THE LATE EPIDEMIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, &c. 3S5 
though it was very prevalent all around. In the third week in 
November, however, three ewes appeared to be infected by the 
epidemic. On the 25th of January, 1841, it attacked a yearling 
calf, and then going through the cow-house, where more than 
forty head of cattle became affected by it, as did likewise all the 
pigs, who had it slightly in their feet. His land was fairly shel- 
tered on the north and east. The wold portion of the soil was a 
warm friable loam incumbent on porous chalk-rock. To this 
succeeded a stiff brick clay, then a clayey loam, a clay subsoil, 
and sandy loam ; and, after that, good alluvial soil to the banks 
of the Humber. When the attack on the cattle commenced, the 
ground was covered with snow, and the wind blew south-east. 
This account of the soil and the weather will occasionally be in- 
teresting. The animals just referred to had not been in commu- 
nication with any others. They had not been driven along any 
public road, nor herded with diseased animals, nor, to the best 
of Mr. Shawe’s knowledge, had any person been near them who 
could have communicated the disease. They were in a grass 
field in good condition, and three or four years old. 
“The young calves were first attacked. The disorder usually 
appeared in the mouth, and then in the feet; in some cases in 
the feet only. The sheep and beasts were affected in both the 
mouth and feet : the pigs in the feet only. 
The infected sheep were separated at once from the flock, and 
put into a dry grass field where they were fed on turnips. No 
physic was given, and they recovered within three weeks. 
The cows and calves were fed on turnips and oil-cake. As long 
as the bowels were open no medicine was given ; but, if other- 
wise, half a pound of kitchen salt in powder, and an ounce 
of ginger, were given to a cow, and a smaller quantity to the 
lower animals. When the disease abated, gentian, ginger, and 
caraway were given as restoratives. The feet were generally 
left to nature, except in one case, in which turpentine was used 
with good effect. 
Out of three ewes affected none died, nor any out of twenty- 
eight pigs ; but one cow and one calf out of forty did die. In the 
cow, the lungs were highly inflamed. The calf was quite putrid. 
The milk was never diminished w’hen the udder was not af- 
fected ; and, when it was affected, it generally soon returned in 
its former quantity. Out of four cows far advanced in pregnancy 
two produced dead calves, and two picked their calves. 
After this disease subsided, all the cows were attacked with 
cutaneous diseases of greater or less violence, and the condition 
of all of them was bad.” 
Mr. Shawe now makes some general observations on the epi- 
vol. xvi. 3 F 
