383 THE LATE EPIDEMIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, &C. 
feet, and partly or principally caused by exchanging the old 
hoof or claw for a new one. The disease was treated by the ad- 
ministration of sulphur and salts. Not one animal died out of 
450 sheep, 36 cattle, and 42 pigs. The quantity of milk was di- 
minished, although the udder was not always much affected. In 
one bad case the udder was severely diseased, and the milk partly 
ceased. The animals were generally left in a weak state when 
the attack had been violent. The disease long remained among 
the sheep, and many of them continued lame, but on exami- 
nation no external appearance to cause lameness could be dis- 
covered.” 
Charles Charnock, Esq., Homefield House, Ferry Bridge, 
states, that the country in his neighbourhood is hilly and woody. 
The surface soil is a species of loam, containing a large admixture 
of sand and gravel, and the substratum a magnesian limestone. 
The field in which the sheep were when attacked by the epi- 
demic was dry, well sheltered from the wind in every quarter, 
and, in general, particularly healthy. The turnips that were then 
on it were of a good quality, and sound. 
Mr. Charnock says, that “ the weather and wind were very 
changeable about the time when the greater part of his stock was 
attacked, and his opinion is, that the weather is a great cause of, 
and has a considerable influence on, this disease. His neigh- 
bours all agree that they can perceive a great difference for the 
better in the symptoms when mild weather comes on.” 
Mr. Charnock says that, in order to explain his answers more 
fully, he begs to give some extracts from his Journal, the entries 
in which were made daily. 
“ The first symptoms of the epidemic that appeared in my 
stock were in a heifer about eighteen months old. I had six 
of nearly that age in a public pasture near the river-side, when a 
butcher turned a fat beast, which he|had bought at Wakefield, 
into the pasture. It was badly affected both in the feet and 
mouth. It had been in the pasture two days before I heard of 
it. I immediately had my heifers brought home, and found that 
the smallest of them was ill in the disease. This was on the 
20th of October, 1840. Its tongue was very much blistered, 
but it was not lame. We lanced its tongue, so as to bleed well, 
and gave it and the other five heifers the following drench in warm 
water — half pound of Epsom salts, a quarter of a pound of sulphur, 
two ounces of saltpetre, and one ounce of bruised ginger. 1 had 
them put into a fold half a mile distant from home, and separate 
from the rest of my stock, where they have been kept ever 
since. The same drench was given to them all on the third 
