SHOULDER LAMENESS. 
507 
With regard to the danger of applying the forceps at full length, 
I can say, to the best of my knowledge, I have used them at full 
length where the cow has fallen down (while the forceps were in 
the womb) at least thirty times, and I have not perceived any 
difficulty in preventing the injury spoken of. My method is, 
when I see a cow likely to fall down, should the forceps have hold 
of the foetus, to bear up, and allow them to pass loosely through 
the hands by relaxing the hand-hold. If not hold of the foetus, 
they can be drawn out of the womb. The best situation for a cow 
or mare to be in for using the forceps is a middle standing in a 
stable, cowhouse, or shed, with plenty of room backwards. The 
latter may with advantage be put into slings, to prevent her throw- 
ing herself down. And a bull ring may be applied to the nose of 
the former for the same purpose, and agitated with the hands. 
If Mr. Cartwright pleases to send me the forceps he complains 
of, I will, with pleasure, return him a stronger pair ; utility being 
the object I have in view. 
Your’s respect 
August 9, 1848. \ V P Wifi Z 
SHOULDER LAMENES 
To the Editor of “ The VeterinariahT 
Sir, — HAVING from various circumstances had occasion to 
become acquainted with the doctrines of old veterinary authors 
regarding lamenesses, I was much surprised, on reading an article 
in a recent Number of The VETERINARIAN, to see it stated that 
Solleysell’s account of shoulder lameness “ includes, pretty well, 
all observation since his time has taught us concerning it.” Now, 
Mr. Editor, as I am unwilling to own we have made the little 
progress in knowledge since Solleysell’s time which your state- 
ments would imply, and believing also that shoulder lamenesses 
may be decided on as to nature and seat with a certainty, which 
your remarks would lead us to suppose barely possible, I beg to 
call your attention again to this subject. 
As you justly observe, the shoulder “ comprehends many and 
various parts, and is complicated altogether in its structure.” Now 
I assume it can be satisfactorily shewn, that “ various parts” of 
the shoulder are liable to disease and injury, of which conditions 
lameness is one prominent symptom, and like other symptoms, 
instead of being always the same, its character varies in accord- 
ance with the nature of the existing ailment. “ Shoulder lame- 
