256 ON THOROUGH-PIN, WINDGALL, &C. 
Pecard-Taschereau, the director of the establishment, has never 
seen any other diseases produced in the horses ; but the cats 
that remain any length of time in the house, and particularly in 
the workshops, are attacked with convulsions, which speedily 
destroy them. It is much to be regretted that the bodies of 
some of these animals were not opened and examined ; for it 
would have been equally useful to the human and to the vete- 
rinary surgeon. I will also add (what appears to me to be a 
very singular thing) that neither the house-dogs nor those be- 
longing to the workmen, and who frequently followed their 
masters into the workshops, ever experienced any unpleasant or 
fatal symptoms. 
It is also remarkable, that while many persons have taken 
enormous doses of the acetate of lead for the cure of certain 
disorders under which they laboured, and have been benefitted 
rather than injured by it, the vapours which are extricated in 
the manufacture of that substance cannot be breathed with im- 
punity. M. Pecard Taschereau gave to some cats a great quan- 
tity of minium without producing those dreadful convulsions 
which are sure to destroy them if they remain only a few days 
in the workshops in which this oxide is prepared. 
Associated with the colic of lead is frequently found an ex- 
treme difficulty of breathing, although the tissue of the lungs is 
often found perfectly healthy. Probably it is the same incom- 
plete paralysis of the muscles of the larynx which causes the 
horses exposed to the vapours of lead to become roarers. 
Journal Med. Vet . 1837, p. 162. 
OF TI1E DISEASES COMMONLY KNOWN BY THE 
NAMES OF THOROUGH-PIN, WINDGALL, AND 
VARICOSE ENLARGEMENTS, WITH A PECULIAR 
MODE OF FIRING THEM. 
By M. U. Leblanc, M . V. a Paris. 
I have no intention to write a perfect treatise on the lesions 
above-mentioned ; but rather to lay before the public some ob- 
servations relating to them which I have made in the course of 
my practice. 
It is generally agreed, that thorough-pins and windgalls arise 
from the presence of an unusual quantity of synovia, and a dis- 
tention of the synovial envelopes. The manner of their forma- 
tion is not clearly understood ; some attribute them to primary 
